ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
377 
which three new species, all from the neighbourhood of Cape Horn, are 
described, it is pointed out that if species are to he thus refined, nine 
species may, altogether, be recognized. Having thus reduced the matter 
to an absurdity Prof. Perrier concludes that there is but one species, and 
that capable of some variation. Pentagonaster Belli Studer is, perhaps, 
also a synonym of G. simplex. 
In the course of the memoir there are numerous important criticisms 
of the recent work of Mr. Sladen and M. Cuenot. 
Calamocrinus Diomedae.* — Prof. A. Agassiz has published a de- 
tailed account of this remarkable stalked Crinoid, the preliminary notice 
of which we reported more than a year since, f The author is inclined 
to think that there is evidence of a closer structural affinity between the 
Brachiate Crinoids and the Blastoids than the late P. H. Carpenter was 
willing to admit. After treating in order of the calyx, arms, arm- 
joints, pinnules, side and covering plates, interradial plates, ventral 
surface, orals, stem, and top-stem joint, he discusses the stems of some 
fossil Crinoids and the structure of the stem. In conclusion Mr. Agassiz 
has some notes on the apical system and the homologies of Echinoderms, 
in which he criticizes much of the work of the last twenty years. He 
urges the fact that the different classes of Echinoderms have developed 
independently from the earliest fossiliferous times causes the greatest 
difficulties we have to encounter in tracing back the earliest history of 
the Echinoderms ; as has been often shown, we find representatives of 
the different orders very highly specialized in the oldest of the fossili- 
ferous beds, and they scarcely bring us nearer to the primordial echino- 
dermal type than wo are to-day. 
Comatulidae of Indian Archipelago.* — Dr. C. Hartlaub has pub- 
lished a report on the Comatulidaa collected by the late Dr. Brock, 
chiefly at Amboina. There were in all twenty-one species, nine of 
which are now described for the first time. The classification of species 
introduced by Carpenter is followed. 
Coelenterata. 
Notes on Anthozoa.§ — Dr. G. v. Koch describes what seem to be 
abnormal colonies of Bebryce mollis which exhibit true stolons, like 
those of Cornularidae, with simple polypes and also tufts. Iu connection 
with the formation of the skeleton in Gorgonidas this case is important, for 
the stolons secrete basally (from the ectoderm) a horny lamella, on which 
among several polype-cavities small axes are built up. These elongate 
with the further growth of the polypes, and branch like the axes of 
normal stocks. 
The author also describes “aggregated colonies” of Balanophyllia 
verrucaria which are hardly distinguishable physiologically from those 
which arise by budding. 
* Mem. Mus. Comp. Zoo!., xvii. (1892) 95 pp. (32 pis.), 
t See this Journal, 1891, p. 202. 
{ Nova Acta k. Leop. -Carol. Akad. Halle, Iviii. (1891) pp. 1-120 (5 pis ) 
" Morphol. Jahrb., xviii. (1892) pp. 372-83 (7 figs.). 
