ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
403 
survive from year to year without any intermediate secidial host, as the 
mycele has the power of surviving in a perennial form in the roots 
of grasses. 
In addition to his previous list of Uredineae from the neighbourhood 
of Simla, the same author records * 32 fresh species, of which the fol- 
lowing are new: — 2 of Uromyces, 5 of Puccinia, 3 of Phragmidium, 
1 Xenodocltus, 1 Melampsora, 3 isolated secidial forms, and 5 isolated 
uredo-forms. 
Gymnosporangium-t — Dr. E. Fischer states that two species of 
Gymnosporangium are parasitic on Juniperus Sabina, G. fuscum, and G. 
confusum and that the aecidia of the former occur only on species of 
Pyrus, those of the latter also on Crataegus oxyacantha and on Cydonia 
vulgaris. While the teleutospore-generations of the two species resemble 
one another very closely, the secidium-generations present well-marked 
differences. 
Starch in Boletus pachypus.} — M. E. Bourquelot has found that 
thin sections of the foot and cap of B. pachypiis stained with iodine 
solution give a blue coloration, due to the presence of starch in the 
tissue. The occurrence of starch has been rarely detected in fungi. 
Mycetozoa. 
Massee’s Myxogastres.§ — Mr. G. Massee publishes an exhaustive 
monograph of the Myxogastres. He describes in detail the mode of 
growth and of reproduction of these organisms, and discusses at length 
De Bary’s view that they belong to the animal rather than to the 
vegetable kingdom. He decides against this hypothesis, and considers 
that their nearest affinity is with the Fungi through Ceratium. Massee 
divides the Myxogastres primarily iuto four orders, — the Peritrichieee, 
Columelliferae, Lithodermeae, and Calotrichiese, and the very numerous 
species are arranged under 40 genera. Under each species is given a 
diagnostic description, followed by its geographical distribution and its 
synonyms, and about 120 species are figured. A bibliography is 
appended. 
Protophyta. 
a. Schizophyceee. 
Xenococcus.||— Prof. A. Hansgirg now removes this genus of 
Schizophyceae from the Chroococcacese to the Chamaesiphonacese, in the 
neighbourhood of Pleurocapsa and Dermocarpa, on account of its multi- 
plication by gonids (kinetes), as well as by fission. The gonids are about 
3 p in size, and are formed, usually thirty-two in number, in marginal 
cells, which increase greatly in size and become transformed into goni- 
danges or coccogones. From Dermocarpa, Xenococcus is distinguished by 
its increasing also by bipartition ; from Pleurocapsa chiefly by the form 
and structure of the stratum. 
* Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, lx. (1891) pp. 211-30 (2 pis.). 
t Arch. Sci. Phys. et Nat., xxvi. (1891) pp. 490-5. 
J Journ. Pharm., xxiv. pp. 197-9. See Journ. Chem. Soc., 1892, Abstr., p. 230. 
Cf. this Journal, ante, p. 245. 
§ ‘A Monograph of the Myxogastres,’ London, 1892, 367 pp. and 12 coloured pis. 
|| SB. K. Bohm. Gesell. Wiss., 1891, pp. 297-8. Cf. this Journal, 1888, p. 267. 
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