208 
T H E GARDEN M A G A Z I N E 
May, 1915 
lime-sulphur instead of the solution. To 
this mixture add two pounds of arsenate 
of lead. Spray the trees three or four times. 
WHEN TO SPRAY 
The first time should be right after the 
buds open into clusters of leaves, just before 
the bloom opens. Spraying at this time is 
particularly necessary when certain chew- 
ing insects and fungi are troublesome. The 
second spraying should be made as soon as 
the blossom petals fall and before the calyx 
lobes close. This probably 
is the most important 
spraying of all. It con- 
trols the apple worms, or 
most of them, and certain 
fungi. Do not apply the 
spray before the petals 
fall. You will kill the bees 
if you do. The third 
spraying should be made 
three to four weeks after 
the petals fall. The fourth 
spraying should be made 
eight to nine weeks after 
the petals fall. This last 
spraying controls the sec- 
ond brood of apple worms 
and certain fungi. 
This spraying campaign 
will control almost all 
troubles of apple, quince, 
and pear trees in most 
parts of the country. 
But in certain sections of 
the South and in some 
Central states bitter rot, 
apple blotch and cedar 
rust are very serious en- 
emies and require special 
treatment. To control 
bitter rot simply substi- 
tute for the lime-sulphur 
in the 50 gallons of spray, 
about ten pounds of com- 
mercial bordeaux mixture. 
That is, use ten pounds 
in each fifty gallons of 
water, along with the 
arsenate of lead. Use 
this solution for the sec- 
ond and third spraying, using the lime- 
sulphur combination for the first. 
If you have reason to believe that the 
bitter rot will be excessive, spray a fifth 
and a sixth time, at the beginning of August 
and along toward the end of August. This 
bitter rot spraying will control apple blotch 
also. If bitter rot is not present the apple 
blotch will be controlled by a slightly 
weaker bordeaux mixture — say eight pounds 
of commercial bordeaux mixture instead 
of ten. Four sprayings are enough to con- 
trol apple and pear blotch. 
Cedar rust is a different thing. The only 
spray that has given me satisfactory control 
of it has been Atomic Sulphur, a proprietary 
spraying mixture, using about seven pound's 
to each fifty gallons of water, with two 
pounds of arsenate of lead. The first 
two sprayings with this material are iden- 
tical in dates with the first two in the regu- 
should be made one month before the 
fruit is expected to ripen. 
San Jose scale can be controlled most ef- 
fectively by a strong solution of lime-sulphur 
and such a solution can not be applied to 
the trees when they are in leaf. It must 
be applied when the trees are dormant. 
Use about one gallon of standard com- 
mercial lime-sulphur solution in each seven 
to nine gallons of water, depending on the 
severity of the attack of San Jose scale. 
This spraying may be done any time after 
the leaves drop in the fall 
until just before the leaves 
open in the spring. Pro- 
bably it is best done dur- 
ing the four weeks pro- 
ceeding the opening of the 
leaves. Since San Jose 
scale attacks many differ- 
ent kinds of fruit trees 
and fruit plants, it will be 
necessary that you spray 
almost all your garden 
with this strong lime- 
sulphur during the dor- 
mant season. If leaf curl 
attacks your peach trees, 
the following spring be 
sure to spray them three 
to four weeks before the 
trees are expected to 
bloom, with this dormant 
lime- sulphur solution. 
This will control both the 
leaf curl and the San 
Jose scale. 
Other scales that attack 
your fruit trees and plants 
will be controlled to a 
certain extent by this 
same spraying in fall or 
spring. If they still per- 
sist in their attacks, spray 
with a solution of fish 
oil soap, which you can 
buy in concentrated form, 
in May .and in August, 
when the insects hatch 
and move. Sometimes 
little lice gather on the 
under side of the leaves, 
by the millions. Get after them as soon 
as you see them, with the soap solu- 
tion. 
Grapes should be sprayed with a mixture 
composed of eight pounds of commercial 
bordeaux mixture and two pounds of ar- 
senate of lead, in each fifty gallons of water. 
Spray the first time as soon as the shoots 
have pushed out, just before the blossoms 
come. Spray the second time right after 
the blossoms go. The third spraying 
should come two or three weeks after the 
second, and the fourth about one month 
before the fruit is expected to ripen. The 
arsenate of lead should be left out of this 
fourth spray, and it may be left out of the 
third if you observe no insects bothering 
the vines. 
Strawberries should be sprayed with 
either lime-sulphur or bordeaux, plus the 
usual arsenate of lead. Use the same 
lar spraying campaign outlined. The third 
spraying should take place ten days after 
the blossom petals fall, and the fourth 
spraying three weeks after the petals fall. 
This cedar rust spraying will control the 
regular troubles. An additional spraying 
should be made ten weeks after the blossom 
petals fall, to catch the second brood of 
codling moth. 
Peach, plum, cherry and other stone 
fruits should be sprayed the same as apple 
and pear trees, excepting that the solutions 
With large trees in orchards, use a barrel outfit on a wagon. The second spraying should be made just 
as the petals fall 
must be weaker and the dates are a little 
different. The first spraying for peach, 
after the growing season starts, should be 
made ten days after the blossom petals 
fall, with a solution containing a pound and 
a half of arsenate of lead to each fifty gallons 
of water. To this should be added the 
milk of lime made by slacking three pounds 
of fresh lime in water, to counteract any 
tendency of the arsenate of lead burning 
the leaves. As a further precaution it will 
pay you to buy a specially made mild 
form of arsenate of lead. 
The second spraying should be made 
about a month after the petals fall. For 
this spraying use the same proportion of 
arsenate of lead, the same milk of lime, as 
was used in the first spraying, and, in addi- 
tion, three and a half to four quarts of com- 
mercial lime-sulphur solution, in each fifty 
gallons of mixture. The third spraying 
