May, 1915 
THE G A R D E N M A G A Z I N E 
215 
COMMON NAME 
BOTANICAL NAME 
HEIGHT IN 
INCHES 
TIME OF 
BLOOMING 
SPECIAL REMARKS AND CULTURAL NOTES 
Autumn 
43. Scented Golden 
Rod 
44. Golden Rod 
45. Wild Sunflower 
46. Sneezeweed 
Solidago odora 
Solidago canadensis 
Helianthus giganteus 
Helenium autumnale 
15-25 
40-50 
60-100 
30-40 
August 
Aug.-Sept. 
Aug. -Sept, 
Sept. 
Chiefly interesting for its beautiful fragrant leaves. Not so profuse a bloomer as No. 44. Indifferent habitat 
preference. 
Will grow anywhere. Scores of less desirable wild relatives can be dug from the fields successfully. 
Large showy flowers and great size make it useful for bold effects in the open border. 
Apparently indifferent as to habitat. Can be used with Nos. 25, 42, 43, 44, and 94 for autumnal color. 
PINKS AND RED 
47. Twisted Stalk 
48. Rock Pink 
49. Moss-pink 
50. Oswego Tea 
51. Cardinal Flower 
52. Marsh Mallow 
Streptopus roseus 
Silene pennsylvanica 
Phlox subulata 
ivlonarda didyma 
Lobelia cardinalis 
Hibiscus Moscheutos 
15-18 
5-8 
4-6 
25-40 
20-35 
25-40 
May 
May 
May -June 
June-Sept. 
July- Aug. 
Aug.-Sept. 
A shy bloomer, best grown away from the sea and under shade. Leaf-mold and sand make best soil. 
Masses of bright rose-pink flowers make this useful. Grow in dry open sunny places, or on ledges. 
Some color forms almost magenta, others white. The best of all coverings for rocky ledges. 
Fragrant mint-scented herb with large scarlet blossoms. Best grown in ordinary garden soil. 
Magnificent scarlet flowers in tall spikes. Best suited to moist shaded places, but will thrive in open. 
Growing naturally in salt marshes, it is perfectly at home in the ordinary garden. W hite and scarlet forms known. 
PURPLE AND PINK PURPLE 
Spring 
53. Bird’s-foot Violet 
54. Swamp Pink 
55. Hepatica 
56. Cranesbill 
57. Showy Orchis 
58. Wild Ginger 
59. Calopogon 
60. Pitcher-plant 
Viola pedata 
Helonias bullata 
Hepatica triloba 
Geranium carolinianum 
Orchis spectabilis 
Ascorum canadense 
Calopogon pulchellus 
Sarracenia purpurea 
4-6 
4-6 
4-7 
6-12 
4-8 
6-8 
10-12 
6-10 
April-May 
April-May 
April-May 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May 
Will carpet the ground in a few years. Some strains are almost blue, others nearly magenta. 
Showy flowers from a basal rosette of leaves. Can be planted with Nos. 39, 59, 60, 65, 67, and 72 in bogs. 
Prefers moist woods, but can be grown in open beds. Many plants have white or lilac flowers. 
Can be grown anywhere. Its more delicate relative the herb-robert, G. Robertianum, prefers rich woods. 
Needs shaded moist places, not under evergreens. Flower cluster solitary, often tinged with white. 
Flowers almost in the ground, reflexed, and brownish-purple. Large showy leaves and spicy root. 
Plant in masses in the bog. The long shining sword shaped leaves are showy also. 
Grown quite as much for its odd pitcher-shaped leaves as the single recurved flower. Bog plant. 
Late Spring 
61. Lady’s Slipper 
62. Wake-robin 
63. Meadow Beauty 
64. Gay- Wings 
65. Pogonia 
66. Showy Lady’s- 
Slipper 
Cypripedium acaule 
Trillium erect um 
Rhexia virginica 
Polygala panucifolia 
Pogonia ophioglossoides 
Cypripedium spectabile 
8-12 
6-9 
6-10 
3-5 
6-8 
10-15 
May- June 
May-June 
June 
June 
June 
June 
Grows with C. pubescens, but is much harder to establish. Leaf-mold and sand, equal parts, are necessary. 
In moist shaded places it will thrive best, but not under evergreens. Plant in large patches. 
Should be grown in moist places, preferably along a stream bank. The yellow stamens are striking. 
One of the most beautiful American woodland plants, with fringed, purple flowers. Must have shade. 
Must be grown in undrained swamps or bogs. Do not disturb when once established. 
Grows best in dry woods. Never disturb the surface soil when once established. Profuse bloomer. 
Summer to Autumn 
67. Purple fringed 
Orchid 
68. Poppy Mallow 
69. Bush Clover 
70. Tich-trefoil 
71. Fire-weed 
72. Sabbatia 
Habenaria psychodes 
Callirrhoe involucrata 
Lespedeza capitata 
Desmodium canadensis 
Epilobium angustifolium 
Sabbatia chloroides 
10-15 
10-20 
15-25 
10-20 
30-40 
8-10 
July 
July-Aug. 
July-Aug. 
July-Aug. 
July-Sept. 
August 
Should be grown in a bog, or at least in low swampy place, in the open sunlight. Does not propagate easily. 
Large showy flowers in single stalks. Can be grown in open, and in dry sandy places. 
Does splendidly in open dry places. A profuse bloomer and makes almost shrubby plants. 
Can be used with No. 69 which it resembles in color, but the leaves are handsomer. Spreads rapidly. 
In open dry places it makes patches of blazing color in mid-summer. Often need staking. 
Makes large mats if left undisturbed for a few years. Must be grown in open boggy place. 
BLUE AND VIOLET 
Spring 
73. Violet 
74. Violet 
75. Dwarf Iris 
76. Fleur-de-Lis 
77. Spider- wort 
78. Hare Bell 
79. Jacob’s-Ladder 
Viola canadensis 
Viola cucullata 
Iris pumila 
Iris versicolor 
Tradescantia virginica 
Campanula rotundifolia 
Polemonium coeruleum 
5- 7 
6- 9 
6-9 
10-15 
8-15 
6- 10 
7- 12 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May-June 
A woodland species, best grown in partial shade. A prolific bloomer and spreading rapidly. 
The most free flowering and hardy native species, frequently making clumns one foot across; in the open. 
Prefers moist open meadows, and must be grown in moist place. A delicate little gem. 
Habitat preference same as No. 75, but it can be grown successfully in open garden beds. 
Best grown in moist shaded places, but can be grown in open, if there is moisture. Flowers blue. 
On open rocky ledges it will thrive as well as in ordinary garden soil. Early leaves round. 
Splendid clusters of blue flowers, crowning a lot of divided leaves. Partial to a little shade. 
Summer 
80. Lupine 
81. Giant Lobelia 
82. Bluets 
S3. Marsh-Pea 
84. Virginia Cowslip 
Lupinus perennis 
Lobelia syphilitica 
Houstonia coerulea 
Lathyrus palustris 
Mertensia virginica 
9-i5 
15-30 
4-6 
7-10 
6-12 
June 
July 
July 
July-Aug. 
June- July 
One of the most beautiful blue-flowered natives. Can be grown in open, sandy places, but do not move. 
In moist rich woods this showy blue-flowered beauty will thrive. Often makes large clumps. 
Plant in patches, it will carpet the ground in moist places and make a “sea of blue.” 
Will grow in ordinary garden soil in the open. Showy, pea-like flowers. Seeds freely. 
Rare as a wild plant, on moist banks. Can be grown very well in ordinary beds. Water frequently. 
Autumn 
85. Flat Top 
86. Closed Gentian 
87. New York Aster 
88. New England 
Aster 
Vemonia noveboracensis 
Gentiana Andrewsii 
Aster Novi-Belgii 
Aster Novae-Angliae 
20-30 
9-14 
15-30 
20-40 
Aug. -Oct. 
Aug.-Sept. 
Aug.-Sept. 
Sept. 
A rank, almost weedy grower, thriving in any ordinary' garden. Flower deep violet; lasting. 
In moist open places it will thrive. The beautiful fringed gentian is unfortunately a biennial. 
Can be grown anywhere and plants dug from the wild do perfectly. Flower clusters, showy, blue. 
The best of all native asters and the most profuse bloomer. Open sunny places will do. 
ORANGE AND RED AND YELLOW 
89. Columbine 
90. Turk’s-Cap Lily 
91. Canada Lily 
92. Wood Lily 
93. Pleurisy Root 
94. Swamp Milk- 
weed 
Aquilegia canadensis 
Lilium superbum 
Lilium canadense 
Lilium philadelphicum 
Asclepias tuberosa 
Asclepias incarnata 
10-16 
30-40 
20-30 
20-30 
10-18 
20-35 
May 
July 
July 
July 
July-Aug. 
Aug. 
Beautiful plant for shaded banks and is not happy in the open. Flowers yellow and red. 
In moist open places. This with Nos. 91 and 92 are the best native lilies. Flowers orange-yellow. 
Flowers yellow spotted with red. Should be grown in moist rich meadows. Very showy. 
Moist woods or swamps are the best, but not in open places. Flowers reddish orange. 
Profusion of magnificent orange flowers. Can be grown anywhere, and likes open sandy places. 
At home in swamps but can be grown in ordinary garden soil; flowers orange-red or purplish. 
VARIOUSLY COLORED 
95. Bellwort 
96. Hellebore 
97. Trillium 
98. Solomon’s Seal 
99. Giant Solomon’s 
Seal 
100. Blue Cohosh 
Uvularia perfoliata 
Veratrum viride 
Trillium recurvatum 
Polygonatum biflorum 
Polygonatum com- 
mutatum 
Caulophyllum thalic- 
troides 
7- 12 
15-25 
6-9 
8- 12 
15-40 
18-25 
April 
May 
May 
May 
May 
June 
Can be grown in open beds, but prefers rich woods. Flowers greenish yellow and shy. 
Large showy cluster of greenish flowers and big veined leaves. Grow in open moist places. 
Best grown with Nos. 12, 18, and 62. Plant in masses and do not disturb. Flowers brown-purple. 
Flowers greenish yellow. Grow in shade if possible, but will grow in open garden soil. 
Much stouter, but coarser species than No. 98. Leaves large and handsome. Flowers greenish. 
Flowers greenish brown. Leaves bluish green and handsome. Plant in shade; leaf-mold. 
False Solomons-seal or false lily of Ihe valley, an excellent plant for moist shaded places 
Liver-wort (Hepatica) is one of the earliest spring flowers in purple or pink 
