Nov., 1912*] 
The Reduction Division in Fuchsia. 
it 
somewhat connected by delicate strands of material. The sepa¬ 
ration of the large chromosome from the rest may have no special 
significance for later all fourteen seem to be connected. The 
connecting strands are not evident until after the chromosomes 
are fully formed but appear before the spindle. In Figure 23 the 
connection is very distinct and the appearance is much like what 
Gates has shown in some of his figures. 
The nuclear wall has entirely disappeared by this time and the 
cells are spherical. The fully formed chromosomes are of rather 
indefinite shape although there is a difference in size, but there is 
no such characteristic shapes as found by Schaffner in Lilium 
tigrinum and Erythronium and by Miss Hyde in Hyacynth. 
However, the peculiarities of size and form noted earlier are still 
in evidence (Fig. 24). 
While the chromosomes are scattered in the nuclear cavity 
the delicate strands of material that connect them seem to draw 
them up closer into the central part of the nuclear area. 
The sections were not stained with the special object of study¬ 
ing the spindle but when it became evident it was a bipolar structure 
within the nuclear cavity and the chromosomes were apparently 
attached to the delicate fibers. At this stage the cytoplasm has 
usually penetrated into the nuclear area and surrounds the spindle 
but occasionally the preparations show a clear surrounding space 
which may be due to plasmolysis (Fig. 25). 
In Lilium tigrinum Schaffner found that the chromosomes in 
the reduction division were fastened to the spindle near the end 
and that as the chromosomes were pulled toward the poles the 
break occurred transversely causing one of the univalent chromo¬ 
somes to go to each pole. In Fuchsia the chromosomes are so 
small and compact that no ends can be seen sticking out from the 
apparently homogenous mass. Even with a magnification of 
2500x the chromosomes seemed perfectly homogenous. As the 
chromosomes are drawn into the equatorial plate they still retain 
their individuality and can be counted without great difficulty. 
At this point they are hard to draw due to the fact that they lie 
under each other and can be seen best by focusing. 
The main purpose of the investigation was to study the form¬ 
ation of the bivalent chromosomes but a series of older sections 
brought out another point of interest that might be mentioned. 
There are irregularities in the development of the tetrads which 
may be significant in connection with the supposed hybrid nature 
of our greenhouse varieties of Fuchia. In some cases normal 
tetrads were formed, in others as high as six to eight nuclei of 
various sizes were observed in one sporocyte (Figs. 33, 34). This 
condition has been known for some time. In 1886 Wille (23) 
reported that he had observed as high as eight cells developed from 
the pollen-mother cells of Fuchsia. The same condition was 
