56 
The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. XIII, No. 3, 
THE VIOLETS OF OHIO. 
Rose Gormley. 
The following list includes all of the violets known to occur in 
Ohio. It is probable, however, that a number of others occur in 
the state. The distribution given is based on material in the 
Ohio State Herbarium. In this list an attempt has been made to 
arrange the species in true phyletic series, the least specialized in 
each group standing at the beginning and the most highly 
specialized at the end. 
Violaceae. 
Small herbs, with bisporangiate, hvpogynous, zygomorphic, 
axillary, nodding flowers and alternate, simple or lobed stipulate 
leaves. Sepals, petals and stamens 5 each; anthers erect, introrse, 
connivant or synantherous; ovularv of 3 carpels, unilocular with 
3 parietal placentas; lower petal enlarged usually with a spur; 
fruit a loculicidal capsule; seeds anatropous, with endosperm, 
embryo straight. 
1. Sepals not auricled, stamens united, petals nearly equal. 
Cubelium. 
1. Sepals more or less auricled at the base, stamens distinct, 
lower petal spurred. Viola. 
Cubelium. 
Perennial, erect, leafy stemmed herb, the leaves, entire or 
obscurely dentate; small greenish flowers, one to three together in 
the axils, petals nearly equal, the lower somewhat gibbous; anthers 
sessile, completely united into a sheath, glandular at the base. A 
monotypic genus of North America. 
Cubelium concolor. (Forst) Raf. Green Violet. Plants 1— 2\ ft. 
high, hairy; leaves 2—5 in. long, entire, pointed at both ends. 
Auglaize, Belmont, Brown, Clermont, Fairfield, Franklin, Hamil¬ 
ton, Lake, Licking, Noble, Pike, Shelby, Warren Co. 
Viola. 
Herbs with aerial leafy stems, or geophilous stems; flowers 
solitary or rarely 2 in the axils, early flowers petaliferous, often 
sterile, usually succeeded by apetalous, cleistogamous flowers 
which produce abundant seed; the two lower stamens bearing 
spurs which project into spur of the odd petal; capsules, three 
valved, elastically dehiscent. 
