232 
The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. XIV, No. 3, 
Between the top of this bed and the base of the Tetradium 
reef are about twenty feet of more or less even bedded limestones 
and shales, so we thus see that there are, here at least, as much as 
twenty-three feet of Whitewater strata beneath the base of the 
Saluda. Even should we base the Saluda with the lower Colum- 
naria reef at Madison, the result would be but little change, and 
nowhere could the Saluda be said to be beneath the Whitewater. 
Above the Tetradium level at Madison are 37'-40' of massive, 
typical Saluda strata, almost wholly barren of fossils except near 
the top. As one goes north the strata immediately above the 
basal reef becomes more fossiliferous, the best localities for collect¬ 
ing being near Hamburg, Ind., and Oxford, O., at the latter place 
being 3' thick. The fauna is characterized by the scarcity of 
Brachiopoda and Bryozoa, and includes Leperditia appressa, L. 
cylindrica, L. caecigena, Ceratopsis ehamersi, Eurychilina 
striatomarginata, Primitia glabra and Tetradella simplex, the 
first four of these ostracods being recurrent Trenton species. 
Other fossils are Byssonychia grandis, B. riehmondensis, several 
species each of Cyrtoceras and Orthoceras, Tryblidium indianense, 
etc., etc. Fragments of a large Euryteroid are found, and 
remains of plants are occasionally found. 
Everything in these strata points to a shallowness of the sea, 
and a nearness to land, and it is hoped that there will be found in 
these rocks some definite information as to the nature of the land 
life of the closing Ordovician. 
Above the Saluda type limestones in the Oxford region are 
about 10' of thin limestones and shales, sometimes just crowded 
full of Bryozoa, mostly several species of Homotrypa, including 
H. wortheni. It is the Bryozoa from these beds that have given 
the name Coral Banks to the dump from the R. R. cut above 
Oxford. 
West of Cross Plains about one and a half miles, nine miles 
south of Versailles, a second Tetradium horizon appears, only 
this “reef” has in places as much Labechia as Tetradium. At 
Cooper’s Falls, four miles south of Versailles, it occurs in the 
breast of the first little fall below the road, is only 1' thick, and 
is about 30' above the top of the lower reef. 
This horizon was not seen at Versailles, but doubtless closer 
examination would show it. It occurs, however, at all other localities 
as far north as Laurel and as far eastward as a number of exposures 
on little tributaries of Indian Creek, three miles west of 
Oxford, O. In this latter region the Labechia is absent, and the 
Tetradium forms a definite, hard, massive reef, in places two and 
one-half feet thick. Most of the colonies are upside down, giving 
evidence of wave action upon this ancient reef, much as upon the 
reefs in the present coral seas. 
