300 
The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. XIV, No. 6, 
Sambucus L. Elderberry. 
Shrubs or small trees with opposite pinnate leaves often with 
stipules and stiples; leaflets serrate, acuminate; flowers white or 
pinkish-white, actinomorphic, bisporangiate; trimerous to pen- 
tamerous, corolla rotate or campanulate; calyx tube ovoid or 
turbinate; stamens five united with the base of the corolla, fila¬ 
ments slender, anthers long; inflorescence a compound or depressed 
cyme; ovulary tri-locular to quinquc-locular; ovules one in each 
cavity, pendulous; fruit a bcrrv-like drupe containing 3 to 5 onc- 
seeded nutlets; embryo long. 
Key to the Species. 
1. Leaflets glabrous above, sometimes pubescent beneath, 5 to 11, ovate 
or oval; pith large, white; cyme convex. 5. canadensis. 
1. Leaflets and twigs commonly pubescent, 5 to 7; pith in the young 
branches a reddish brown; inflorescence a compact panniculate cyme. 
5. racemosa. 
1. Sambucus canadensis L. Common Elderberry. A shrub 
2 to 13 feet high; stem often but slightly woody, containing a 
large soft white pith when young; leaflets 5 to 11; ovate to obovate, 
acuminate or acute, short petioled, glabrous above more or less 
pubescent along the mid-rib beneath, 2 to 5 inches long, f to 2 
inches broad, serrate; cymes broad, flat convex; flowers white 
to { inches broad; drupe | inch in diameter, purplish black; 
nutlets roughened. In moist soil. General. 
2. Sambucus racemosa L. Red Elderberry. A shrub 2 to 
13 feet high; twigs and leaves more or less pubescent; stems woody 
with a reddish brown pith; leaflets 5 to 7; ovate to oblanceolate, 
acuminate, inequalateral, lj to 5 inches long, \ to 1^ inches broad, 
sharply serrate; cymes elongated, flowers white turning brown; 
drupe red, f to \ inch in diameter; nutlets slightly roughened. In 
rocky places. General. 
Viburnum L. 
Shrub or trees with entire or lobed simple, sometimes stipulate 
leaves; flowers white or sometimes slightly pink, actinomorphic; 
corolla rotate or campanulate; calyx tube ovoid or turbinate; 
stamens five, anthers long exserted; inflorescence a compound 
cyme; outer flowers sometimes radiant and sterile; ovulary 1-3 
-locular; style short; three cleft; fruit an ovoid drupe, sometimes 
flattened, one seeded; seed compressed; embryo minute. 
Key to the Species. 
1. Leaves palmately veined, 3-lobed, the two lateral veins prominent. 2. 
1. Leaves pinnatcly veined, not 3-lobed, lateral veins 5-11. 3. 
2. Leaves glabrous above, pubescent along the veins beneath; outer flowers 
of the cyme enlarged and flat. V. opulus. 
2. Leaves more or less pubescent on both sides; cymes not radiant. 
V. acerifoliutn. 
