The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. XV, No. 7, 
516 
If x = 11 and 2x - 22; 
2,048 kinds of gametes possible, 
4,194,304 combinations, 
representing 176,247 constitutions. 
If x = 12 and 2x - 24; 
4,096 kinds of male or female gametes possible, 
16,777,216 combinations, 
representing 528,741 actual constitutions, or over half a 
million. 
The presence of an allosome, which may contain hereditary 
factors, complicates the results of Mendelian segregation and 
probably is the cause, at least in many cases, of sex-limited char¬ 
acters. That the factors are not to be regarded as sex-linked 
becomes obvious in such a case as color-blindness in man. For 
there are both color-blind men and women, but thru the reduction 
mechanism by which the allosomes are segregated and the new 
combinations brought about during fertilization, thru the in¬ 
fluence of the sex determination of the egg, it happens that many 
more males show the color blind character than females. If we 
assume differential attraction between eggs and sperms and if 
there is an accessory chromosome or allosome in man and if the 
factor for color-blindness is associated with this chromosome, then 
it would follow that a color blind man mated with a normal 
woman could have no color-blind children because the two types 
of eggs would be normal and the egg determined as female would 
attract the sperms containing the allosome (i. e. having the color¬ 
blind factor) and this would give but a single dose which is not 
sufficient to produce the color-blind character in the female. 
The egg determined with male condition would attract only sperms 
without the allosome; therefore, all the males would be normal, 
but the color-blind female having a double dose would produce 
eggs, all of which, whether determined as male or female, would 
have the color-blind factor in the allosome, and if mated with 
normal, the sons would all be color-blind, because a single dose 
produces the color-blind character under the influence of the 
male condition. The daughters would be normal having only a 
single dose, which as stated, is not sufficient to develop the color¬ 
blind character in the presence of the female condition in the 
cells of the body. These suppositions agree with the observed 
facts. It also comes about that in hybridizing individuals, 
which may have a specific factor in the allosome, different degrees 
of the character may be shown because a double dose may give a 
greater degree of the character than a single dose. If the male 
