522 
The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. XV, No. 7, 
a small ravine, a wall of conglomerate may be found opposite 
slopes covered by weathered Waverly. At the head of the ravine 
the highest Waverly is almost 100 feet above the level of Pigeon 
Creek where the conglomerate forms the bed of that stream. 
Across from this ravine layer after layer of horizontal argillaceous 
shales and sandstones end abruptly against the filling of cross- 
bedded conglomerate and sandstone. Usually the outer edges 
of the beds show a slight slumping or bowing downward as if the 
overlying filling had compressed them after they had been exposed 
to erosion. The south boundary is less definitely marked but 
the width is about 200 yards. But a very thin coating and in 
many places no trace of pebbles may be found outside this channel. 
EVIDENCES POINTING TO A CONTINUOUS STREAM SYSTEM. 
Such sections seem to imply that the pebbles of the conglom¬ 
erate were borne largely by strong surging currents restricted with¬ 
in the channels themselves. These currents would most likely 
be found in a continuous system of channels and although hidden 
in many places by the overlying Pennsylvanian strata, traces of 
such a system can be found. At Richland Furnace two miles 
northeast of the conglomerate outcrops last mentioned the coarse 
sandstone and basal conglomerate lowers from S12 feet above sea 
level on the west and 762 on the east to below the 700 feet contour. 
Pebbly beds may be found below the Baltimore and Ohio South¬ 
western Railroad at that place, while on either side they rise to 
the heights mentioned. 
West and south traces of this line of conglomerate filling are 
exposed along Glade Run, and at Canter’s Cave three and a half 
miles soutwest it forms vertical cliffs from which large caverns 
have been worn by weathering. Such conglomerate walls con¬ 
tinue south to Jackson where they form the well-known Jackson 
Conglomerate area. The conglomerate there becomes more 
general but its thickness still varies. 
Tributaries join this system from the west. A definite and 
well marked line of conglomerate ledges extends northwest for 
a distance of over seven miles. The present elevation of the bed 
of this channel above sea level is as follows: 
890 feet at the exposure south of Hay Hollow 
840 feet at the head of Hay Hollow 
807 feet in the first large hollow west of Big Rock 
742 feet at the base of Big Rock 
690 feet at the head of Pigeon Creek where the base of the 
conglomerate goes under. 
In all, this gives a relief of 200 feet in less than 6 miles. After 
allowing for the gentle southeast dip of about 25 feet to the mile 
a gradient of 30 to 50 feet still remains. This conglomerate is 
