382 
The Garden Magazine, August, 1920 
growing in 1889 in the old Parsons’ Nursery 
on Long Island, New York, but nothing is 
known of its history. It is rather broader 
in outline than the fastigiate Sugar Maple 
and is most decidedly a valuable tree. The 
form of the Silver Maple (A. saccharinum 
var. pyramidale) originated in Spath’s Nursery 
in Germany and we have only small speci- 
mens. As its name suggests, it is pyramidal 
in outline but it is not so striking in appearance 
as the two already described. Of the many 
species of Maple native of the Old World 
only the Norway Maple has sported into an 
upright form. It is known as Acer platanoides 
var. columnare, but is really pyramidal in habit. 
A very distinct tree is Liriodendron Tuli- 
pifera var. pyramidale, the fastigiate T ulip 
Tree. This originated in the nursery of 
Simon Louis near Metz, Alsace, and has been 
grown in the Arnold Arboretum since 1888. 
It has the familiar large leaves of the type 
but the branches are quite upright. Like the 
parent it is not attacked by pests of any sort 
and it deserves to be widely known. 
One of the narrowest of trees is the Exeter Elm 
(Ulmus glabra var. fastigiata), a form of the Scotch 
Elm which originated in a nursery in Exeter, Devon- 
shire, nearly a century ago. Truth to tell it is a 
rather ugly tree of little merit save that it is curious. 
On the other hand the Cornish Elm (U. nitens var. 
stricta) is beautiful. This is the common Elm in 
-Cornwall and parts of Devonshire, and at its best is a 
tree eighty feet tall and fifteen feet in girth of trunk. 
The lower branches curve outward and upward while 
the upper ones are short and ascending and the sym- 
metry of the tree is graceful and pleasing. Very simi- 
lar in habit is the Guernsey Elm (U. nitens var. 
Wheatleyi) which appears in some nurserymen’s 
catalogues under the name of Ulmus campestris 
monumentalis. 
Fairly well known is Quercus pedunculata var. 
fastigiata, the Cypress Oak, of a variety of the 
English Oak, and very variable in foliage. In western 
Europe it grows to a large tree but in this country, 
T THE LEFT THE UPRIGHT POPLAR 
Liggesting its Lombardy relative in outline 
opulus thevestina has nevertheless a 
larked individuality and great beauty of its 
rm/n tn rnmmpnd it 
A FINE COLUMNAR RED MAPLE 
Whence came Acer rubrum var. columnare, 
originally? No one to-day can tell, though 
the discovery of the first one known is but 
thirty years old 
