384 
The Garden Magazine, August, 1920 
A WHITE PINE 
Destined to be of great 
importance is Pinus 
Strobus var fastigiata, 
shown at the left, the 
original of which was 
discovered in 1895 in a 
garden at Lenox, Mass. 
THE TULIP TREE 
Originating in Alsace, 
this variety, which is 
Liriodendron Tulipifera 
var pyramidale, will be 
deservedly popular since 
its form is good and it is 
as free from pests as the 
type 
in his nursery at Waukegan, Illinois. And since I have men- 
tioned an Arbor-vitae I cannot resist saying a word or two about 
the Incense Cedar (Libocedrus decurrens). This tree grows 
wild on the western slopes of the Cascade and Sierra Nevada 
Mountains from Oregon southward to near the Mexican bound- 
ary, and also on the Californian coast range. In the Arnold 
Arboretum it is hardy only in a sheltered nook near the top 
of Hemlock Hill. It has ascending branches forming a colum- 
nar crown and is of a rich, dark, shining green hue. It is one 
of the most distinct of all hardy or nearly hardy Conifers, and 
in Great Britain and Ireland — where it was introduced by John 
Jeffrey in 1852— many stately columnar specimens full fifty 
feet tall adorn lawns and pleasure grounds. 
One of the most famous and best known of erect-growing 
trees— but alas! not hardy in the New England states — is the 
Irish or Florence Court Yew (Taxus baccata var. fastigiata). 
This most distinct Yew was discovered about 1780 on the moun- 
tains of Fermanagh, Ireland, near Florence Court, the seat of 
the Earl of Enniskillen, by a tenant-farmer named Willis. He 
found two plants. One he planted in his own garden where it 
died, the other he gave to Florence Court where it grows to this 
day. From this tree, which is female, cuttings have been dis- 
tributed and from it all the true Irish Yews in existence have 
been derived. 
Many fine specimens of this Yew are known, some more than 
thirty feet tall. The habit is columnar and compact, with all 
the branches and branchlets directed vertically upward. The 
leaves are dark green and shining and spread radially in all 
directions from the branchlets. It is very effective as a garden 
tree but requires pruning and tying at intervals to keep it in 
good shape. There are forms with golden (aurea) and silver 
(argentea) tips to the branchlets. Pollinated by the Common 
Yew, seeds have developed which have given rise to less fastigi- 
ate forms such as erecta and cheshuntensis, which have found 
their place in gardens. Another form (elegantissima), raised 
from seeds resulting from pollination by the Golden Yew (Taxus 
baccata var. aurea) has the young leaves yellow and the old 
ones with white margins. 
Very valuable for gardens in the colder parts of this country 
should prove the upright form of the Japanese Yew (Taxus 
cuspidata var. Hicksii) which quite recently appeared among 
some thousands of seedlings of the type in the nursery of Isaac 
Hicks & Son, Westbury, Fong island, New York. Mr. Henry 
Hicks obligingly informs me that the seeds were “probably 
collected from the plant which stood northwest of the residence 
of the late Charles A. Dana, Gien Cove, Fong Island, and which 
was later moved to the estate of William D. Guthrie, Focust 
Valley, Fong Island.” 
A Japanese plant analogous to the Irish Yew is Cephalotaxus 
drupacea fastigiata, introducted into the Botanic Garden at 
Ghent in 1830 by von Siebold. It is commonly cultivated in 
the warmer parts of this country, but is not hardy in eastern 
Massachusetts. The branches are strictly erect and the leaves, 
which spread on all sides of the shoot, are leathery and blackish 
green. And there are other trees of fastigiate and pyramidal 
habit, but as finality is not attempted, this may fittingly conclude 
with reference to a remarkably distinct and valuable variety 
of our old friend Ginkgo biloba. 
This form (fastigiata), with its compact ascending branches, 
has a bright future before it as a street and avenue tree. The 
oldest and finest trees known grow in Fairmount Park, Philadel- 
phia; and concerning these the Commissioners courteously 
supply the following information: — “There are five specimens 
of the pyramidal form of Maidenhair Tree (Ginkgo biloba), 
at Horticultural Hall. One measures 3 feet 9 inches in cir- 
cumference and is 36 feet high; the other four measure from 4 
feet 5 inches to 4 feet 9§ inches in circumference, and are from 
45 to 55 feet high. The one with the smallest circumference has 
two leaders. We have no definite information as to when 
these trees were planted, but our oldest employee at Horticul- 
tural Hall states that a group of young Ginkgo trees was ex- 
hibited on the south side of the Hall in 1876. Two of this groun 
were transplanted in 1882 to the north side of the Hall, ana 
from the similarity of measurements we presume the others were 
moved at the same time. It might be of interest to you to 
know that near Woodford Guard House in Fairmount Park, 
we have a specimen which shows both the spreading base and 
the pyramidal top.” 
