86 
The Garden Magazine, October, 1920 
named Beta, Alpha, Janesville, and Hungarian. 
These are extremely rugged, and as a rule do 
not need winter covering. And though it is 
true that they are by no means as good in 
quality as the others mentioned, they are 
distinctly valuable. 
For the Warmer Sections 
THE MOST RESTRICTED SPACE AFFORDS ROOM FOR A GRAPEVINE 
And the convenience of being able to pick the fruit from the doorstep 
as in this California home is an almost irresistible argument in its favor 
I N MINNESOTA and adjoining states horticulturists have 
faced great problems and done wonders in the way of adapt- 
ing different fruits to a severe climate; and after many tests 
they have found some Grapes which will do well for them. In 
many sections, though, the vines must be laid down and covered 
with earth in the winter. Hence they must be grown by some 
system of training that makes this possible. The common fan 
system or the spur renewal system are mostly used, a long 
horizontal trunk being maintained. This trunk can be rather 
easily laid down in a trench dug in the line of the row; and 
for exposed situations this is invariably necessary. Grapes 
growing close to or on buildings may go through the winter 
without being protected in this way. 
The varieties which are recommended for Minnesota are, in 
order of preference, the following: Moore Early, Campbell 
Early, Brighton, Delaware, Worden, Concord, Diamond, 
Wyoming. Some of the later varieties like Concord, how- 
ever, will not ripen. Wyoming is a Grape desirable only in 
cold situations, as the quality is not very good. It is however 
unusually hardy. 
The horticulturists of Minnesota have developed from the 
common wild Grape, Vitis vulpina, varieties which have been 
G ARDEN makers in the South are especially 
favored because they can choose the best 
Grapes from all of these mentioned above; and 
in addition many others of even better qual- 
ity. Grapes not commonly grown in the North 
include Headlight, Brilliant, Hidalgo, Goethe, 
and Scuppernong; of these, Headlight is ex- 
ceedingly productive, of very high quality 
fruit, and disease resisting foliage. It is 
earlier than Delaware, and hangs on the vines 
in good shape for a long time. Brilliant is 
the offspring of Lindley and Delaware and 
possesses the merits of both. The fruit is mid- 
season, very fine in quality, and has the ad- 
vantage of hanging on the vines in good 
condition for weeks. And though commercial 
growers do not like Brilliant very well be- 
cause it ripens unevenly, it is very well adapted 
to the home garden in warmer localities. 
The rich, delicate flavor and greenish fruit of 
Hidalgo make it a prime Grape for home gar- 
dens, and lead to its recommendation for sec- 
tions in the South where it can be obtained. 
Although Goethe had its origin in Massachusetts, 
it is too tender for northern climates, but is one 
of the best home Grapes in the South, its quality 
being superb. The large red berries are borne 
so freely that thinning is often desirable. 
Probably the Scuppernong is the best known 
Grape of the South, often growing wild in the 
greatest luxuriance from Maryland to the Gulf of 
Mexico, and as far west as Arkansas. Few 
Grapes will thrive with so little attention, and 
it bears enormous crops even when wholly 
neglected. Moreover, it is seldom attacked by 
mildew or any insect pests, so that every farm- 
yard has its Scuppernong, and they are found 
growing unrestrained over arbors and buildings. 
The berries are dull green, often with a brown 
tinge, and the quality is by no means equal to 
that of the other varieties described, although 
people who have been brought up on Scuppernongs find the 
musklike flavor and peculiar, almost repellent to some, odor 
agreeable. This Grape has its disadvantages, for the berries 
keep dropping from the bunches as they ripen, and the clusters 
are not very attractive. Yet in spite of its faults, the Scup- 
pernong has to be reckoned with, and reckoned in, as a Southern 
Grape. 
Along the Pacific 
l HE varieties grownon the Pacificcoast areentirely different 
from those of the East, for there the vinifera Grapes thrive 
luxuriantly. And the Grapes of California are of course un- 
equaled for flavor and quality. Among those especially re- 
commended for the cooler sections of this region are the follow- 
ing; red: Bakator; white: Madeleine, Raisin du St. Pere, Na- 
poleon; black: Due de Magenta, Madresfield Court, Black 
Prince, Cornichon. Collections in the warmer regions include 
Papaykani, red; Rish Baba, white; and Askari, black. All three 
are early and should be growtt on an arbor or trellis. Zabal- 
kanski is a good late red for arbors and well suited, too, for hot 
sections. Golden Queen is recommended as a mid-season white 
variety. 
T! 
