134 
The Garden Magazine, November, 1920 
bear cones. The Ginkgo or Maidenhair-tree has a curious 
interest because of its recognized antiquity — being seen in the 
coal measures even in our own land — but is nowhere known to 
exist in a wild state to-day! “ 1 1 stands alone, a perfect stranger 
in the midst of recent vegetable forms.” It has been preserved 
to us by the priests of the Orient and is common as a cultivated 
tree about the Temples of China and Japan. 
The common Larch is another bridge across the channels of 
life groups in that, while it does bear cones, it is not evergreen 
and has been facetiously referred to as the “deciduous ever- 
green” — because the cone bearing feature is so generally asso- 
ciated with persistent leafage. It should be understood of, 
course, that the term “ persistent” is only relative. The leaves 
endure from various periods ranging from three to fifteen years. 
All evergreens eventually do shed their old leaves; and in our 
native White Pine the shedding in early summer often causes 
alarm to the novice. 
Much might be said of the economic importance of the Cone- 
bearing trees. Their timber is of universal use in building, being 
the cheapest and the most easily obtained. The resinous con- 
tent of the wood of some kinds yields gums, turpentine, pitch, 
tar, amber, Kauri gum, Canada balsam, etc., of great value in 
the arts and industries. And the coniferous forests are the 
greatest source of paper pulp for the printing industry. 
This brief survey of some of the points of interest in the ever- 
greens, may help to interpret these remarkable and useful plants 
so that there shall be a new understanding and appreciation of 
them. Serving us in our everyday needs of the moment, as 
ornaments about our grounds they also carry us back in 
retrospect through the long ages spanned by geology to the 
primeval forest forms of this earth and lead us speculatively to 
wonder of the future of tree life. 
This collection of ornamental evergreens has been made with 
the active cooperation of Mr. E. H. Wilson and the Arnold 
Arboretum and a number of nurserymen including Bobbink and 
Atkins, Wm. H. Moon & Co., 1 . Hicks & Son, Cottage Gardens, 
R. & J. Farquhar & Co., American Forestry Co., and D. Hill 
& Co. 
LIST OF PLANTS IN THE EVERGREEN GARDEN 
The names here given are those under which the plants are listed in the catalogues generally and under which they were acquired 
Abies cephalonica — Grecian Fir 
Abies concolor — Colorado White Fir 
Abies Fargesi — New Chinese Fir 
Abies homolepis (brachyphylla) — Japanese Fir 
Abies montigena — Japanese Mountain Fir (New) 
Abies recurvata — New Chinese Fir 
Abies Reginae Ameliae — Grecian Fir (variety) 
Abies Veitchii — Veitch’s Fir 
Andromeda floribunda — Andromeda 
Andromeda japonica — -Andromeda 
Azalea Hinodigiri — Japanese Azalea 
Berberis Aquifolium — Crepe Berry 
Biota elegans — Arborvitae 
Calluna vulgaris — Scotch Heather 
Cotoneaster microphylla — Small-leaved Rock-spray 
Cryptomeria japonica — Japanese Cedar 
Cryptomeria Lobbii — Lobb’s Japanese Cypress 
Cryptomeria Tamasuzi — Japanese Cedar 
Evonymus radicans; vegetus — Large-leaved Evergreen Climbing Spindlebush 
Ginkgo biloba — Maidenhair Tree 
Ilex crenata — Japanese Holly 
Ilex glabra — Ink-berry 
Ilex opaca — American Holly 
Juniperus canadensis aurea — Golden Canadian Juniper 
juniperus canadensis nana — Dwarf Canadian Juniper 
Juniperus chinensis — Chinese Juniper 
Juniperus chinensis erecta — Erect Chinese Juniper 
Juniperus chinensis Japonica — Japanese Juniper 
Juniperus communis hibernica — Irish Juniper 
Juniperus excelsa stricta — Greek Juniper 
Juniperus foetidissima — Red Cedar 
Juniperus japonica aurea — Yellow Japanese Juniper 
Juniperus Kosteri — Grey Juniper 
Juniperus rigida — Stiff juniper 
juniperus Sabina — Sabin's Juniper 
Juniperus Schotti — Schott’s Red Cedar 
juniperus squamata — Prostrate Juniper 
juniperus squamata Fargesi — New Chinese Juniper 
juniperus squamata Wilsoni — New Chinese Juniper 
juniperus tamariscolia — Spreading Juniper 
Juniperus tripartita — Three-way Juniper 
Juniperus virginiana — Red Cedar 
Kalmia angustifolia — Sheep Laurel 
Kalmia latifolia — Mountain Laurel 
Leucothoe Catesbaei — Lily-of-the-Valley Shrub 
Picea alba — White Fir 
Picea asperata — Sharp-leaved Japanese Spruce 
Picea asperata Balfouriana — Chinese Spruce 
Picea asperata notabilis — Chinese Spruce 
Picea asperata ponderosa — Chinese Spruce with big cones 
Picea Clanbrasiliana — A supposed sterile form of Common Spruce 
Picea Engelmanni — Engelmann Spruce 
Picea excelsa — Spruce, Norway Spruce 
Picea excelsa dumosa — Bushy Spruce 
Picea excelsa inversa — Weeping Spruce 
Picea excelsa Maxwelli — Maxwell's Dwarf Spruce 
Picea excelsa nana — Dwarf Spruce 
Picea excelsa pendula — Drooping Spruce 
Picea excelsa pygmaea — Pygmy Spruce 
Picea nigra — Black Spruce 
Picea ormorika — Servian Spruce 
Picea orientalis — Eastern Spruce 
Picea orientalis nana — Dwarf Oriental Spruce 
Picea polita — Shiny Spruce 
Picea pungens — Blue Spruce 
Picea pungens Kosteri — Roster’s Blue Spruce 
Picea reflexa — Backward leafed Spruce 
Pinus Banksiana — Scrub Pine 
Pinus Cembra — Dwarf Swiss Pine 
Pinus montana — Mountain Pine 
Pinus montana Mughus — Mugho Pine 
Pinus ponderosa — Pitch Pine 
Pinus resinosa — Red Pine 
Pinus densiflora umbraculifera (Tanyosho). — Japanese Table "ine 
Pinus Thunbergi — Japanese Black Pine 
Pseudotsuga taxifolia (Douglasi) — Douglas Spruce 
Pyracanthus Lalandi — Evergreen Thorn 
Retinispora filifera — Thread-like Cypress 
Retinispora filifera aurea — Golden Japan Cypress 
Retinispora filifera aurea pendula — Drooping Japan Cypress 
Retinispora obtusa erecta — Japanese Cypress, Upright 
Retinispora obtusa filicoides — Thread-leaved Japan Cypress 
Retinispora obtusa globosa — Round Japan Cypress 
Retinispora obtusa gracilis — Japanese Cypress, Graceful 
Retinispora obtusa gracilis aurea — Golden Japan Cypress 
Retinispora obtusa gracilis compacta — Graceful Dense Arborvitae 
Retinispora obtusa lycopodioides — Japanese Cypress 
Retinispora obtusa nana — Dwarf Japan Cypress 
Retinispora obtusa nana pygmea compacta — Dwarf Japanese Cypress 
Retinispora obtusa Youngi — Young’s Japanese Cypress 
Retinispora pisifera aurea — Japanese Golden Cypress 
Retinispora plumosa — Plumed Cypress 
Retinispora plumosa aurea — Japanese Golden Plumed Cypress 
Sciadopitys verticillata — Japanese Umbrella Pine 
Taxus adpressa — Small-leaved Yew 
Taxus baccata — English Yew 
Taxus baccata fructu-luteo — Yellow-fruited Yew 
Taxus baccata Ouverardi — English Yew (form of) 
Taxus canadensis — Ground Hemlock 
Taxus cuspidata — Japanese Yew 
Taxus cuspidata brevifolia — Japanese Dwarf Yew 
Taxus Dovastoni — Pendant English Yew 
Taxus hibernica — Irish Yew 
Taxus hibernica aurea — Golden Irish Yew 
Taxus repandens — Form of English Yew 
Taxus tardiva — Form of English Yew 
Taxus tardiva aurea — Golden Yew 
Taxus Washingtoniana — Washington Yew 
Thujopsis Standishi — Standish’s Thujopsis 
Thuya Geo. Peabody — Round Dwarf Arborvitae 
Thuya globosa — Globe Biota or Arborvitae 
Thuya globosa nana — Dwarf Arborvitae 
Thuya occidentalis pyramidalis — Upright Arborvitae 
Thuya occidentalis spiralis — Eastern Spiral Arborvitae 
Thuya orientalis — Eastern Arborvitae 
Tsuga canadensis — Hemlock 
Tsuga canadensis Hicksii — Hick’s Hemlock 
Tsuga Sieboldi — Siebold’s Hemlock 
Viburnum rhitidophyllum — Evergreen Viburnum 
