The Garden Magazine, April, 1921 
125 
given room to develop, and they can equally well be used as a 
combination screen and wind-break. 
The native Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana) is one of the 
best utility Evergreen trees; which will perhaps be realized 
in the future, owing to the exclusion of many inferior, soft-grown 
trees that formerly were imported from Europe. As a hedge 
it is hard to equal, while as a screen it is a close rival to the 
Cypress of Italy. To make an effective hedge, plant about three 
feet apart, which allows the trees room to develop their lower 
branches and to assume the outline that is characteristic of the 
tree when grown singly. A hedge of Cedars requires very little 
pruning; the tops may be cut back when well 
established to form a more compact growth, or 
when the trees have reached the height desired. 
Any growths that may push out from the front may 
be cut back during J uly or August ; but do not trim it 
as you would a Privet hedge. 
The Japanese Cypress (Retinispora) offers a choice 
of several excellent types suitable for hedges. 
Retinispora plumosa has green feathery foliage, 
while its companion variety, plumosa aurea, has 
foliage of a rich golden tint that fits it well for use 
near the house in certain semi-formal plantings. For 
the top of a terrace where a hedge is required, the 
Retinisporas named are particularly satisfactory. 
They may be kept sheared into shape with very 
little trouble. 
The common Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) forms 
a hedge that can be used under more varied condi- 
tions perhaps than any other Evergreen. As a 
setting for either the formal or old-fashioned gar- 
den it is unequalled. It will grow in partial shade 
or full sun-light; and forms an ideal background 
for the old-fashioned flowers. Also it serves to 
break the force of the strong winds that generally 
precede thunder storms, and lends a cheerful ap- 
pearance to the garden after the flowers are gone; 
when covered with snow it is startlingly effective. 
The Hemlock may be pruned severely in spring 
before the new growth starts, if a close effect is desired; but if 
the full beauty of out-line is to be retained, then it is advisable 
to cut back only the longest sprays, leaving enough of the 
previous season's growth to give a graceful appearance. 
For a hedge of bold outline and sturdy habit, such as required 
for boundary and similar planting, where there is not sufficient 
space for groups of trees, the White Pine is well adapted. Trees 
from five to six feet in height will suffer very little check when 
transplanted, and after the first year grow rapidly. If a quick 
screen is called for, they must be planted fairly close; but if one 
can wait for them to develop, the trees may be planted eight 
IS THIS THE IDEAL HEDGE PLANT? 
Hemlock has a combination of grace of form, lightness of texture, and freshness of color coupled with an adaptability 
to most situations that makes it unique. It stands severe clipping, but its feathery natural growth is charming 
WHITE SPRUCE HEDGE 
If not over-frequently clipped this 
acquires the pleasing texture here 
shown and has a soft color tone. It 
is not recommended for use in very 
dry places. Hedge at Glen Cove, 
N. Y. about 8 ft. high 
to ten feet apart and the 
space between used for 
planting Dahlias, Cosmos, 
etc., until the spread of the 
trees prevents. 
The White Pine is liable 
to have its leaders attacked 
by the pine beetle and, so 
far as 1 know, there is no 
method of preventing this; 
but permanent, serious 
damage may be guarded 
against by removing any 
growth affected as soon as 
it begins to wilt. This will 
occur before it turns brown, 
and if it is removed by 
cutting back to the branches 
immediately below, and the 
prunings burned, the beetle 
is kept in check. Rarely is 
the same tree attacked a 
second time. The growth, 
