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FOREST AND SHADE-TREE INSECTS 
GYPSY MOTH ( Porthotria dispar L.) 
Massachusetts. Monthly Letter Bur. Ent., No. 235 (January): C. W. Collins, 
of the Melrose Highlands field laboratory, reports that the unusually 
cold weather that prevailed in New England from December 28 to December 
30, inclusive, was undoubtedly fatal to eges of the gipsy moth in 
sections of the infested territory where they were in exposed situations, 
unprotected by snow, ice, or other material. 
J. N. Summers has staged that an exposure of between -20° and -25 F. is 
necessary to kill entire egg clusters of the gipsy moth, although some 
eggs in each cluster may be killed by an exposure to -15°. 
BROWN-TAIL MOTH ( Nygmia phaeorrhoe a Don.) 
Vermont. Div. of Forest Insects, Bur. Ent. (February 23): An examination of 
40 hibernating webs of the brown-tail moth collected in four separate 
localities in Vermont in early February showed a total mortality of 
the hibernating larvae in all but one web taken at Ryegate. It is 
believed that this single web, which contained 230 living and 9 dead 
larvae, was protected by snow or otherwise during the cold weather. 
Massachusetts. Monthly Letter Bur. Ent., No. 236 (January): There probably 
was some mortality of the small brown-tail moth caterpillars in their 
winter webs. Records of experiments and observations indicate that 
the caterpillars of the brown-tail moth in their winter nests can with- 
stand slightly lower temperatures than can gypsy moth eggs. Records 
furnished by the Boston office of the Weather Bureau show that 
temperatures of -20° F. and below occurred in December at certain points 
throughout the territory generally infested. 
Virginia. K. G. Walker (February 25): Winter webs were more plentiful in 
the State than at any time since 1915. Nests were found in all towns 
bordering the Connecticut River from Earnet south to Massachusetts and 
in two adjoining towns to the west. Approximately 1,100 nests were 
taken in a control project covering these towns. Indications point to 
a high percentage of mortality among the hibernating larvae. 
EUROPEAN PINE SHOOT MOTH ( Rhyacionia buo liana Schiff.) 
Massachusetts. Div. of Forest Insects, Bur. Ent. (February 23): In the 
Boston infestation of the European pine shoot moth two lets of 100 
infested pine shoots each, collected in two different localities, 
showed a survival of only 1 percent. 
SPRING CANKER WORM ( Paleacrita vernata Peck) 
Missouri. A. F. Satterthwait (Fobmary 12): Male moths are unusually notice- 
able the last week of January and the first week of February. Thus far 
this year none have been observed or reported. 
L. Haseman (February 20): Male moths were on the wing in great numbers 
during the night of February 16 at Columbia, but two days later a light 
blizzard struck which has not been so cood for them. 
