Sprays and Spraying 
Formulas for Chewing Insects 
1. Arsenate of Lead: If bought in the form of a paste instead of a 
powder, it mixes more readily with water. 
For spraying shade trees, the usual mixture is 3 pounds of Arsenate 
to 50 gallon barrel of water. This is the best poison in general use 
today and is employed successfully in combating the Tent Cater- 
pillar, the Elm Tree Beetle, the Tussock and Coddhng Moth and all 
leaf eating insects. The addition of soap to an arsenate mixture in- 
creases its adhesiveness. Price, }4 pound, 40 cents; 5 pounds, $2,75, 
2. Paris Green: Settles rapidly in water and is easily washed off 
by rain. When mixing, stir up the poison to form a thick even paste, 
then add water. Use 3 to 5 ounces to 50 gallon barrel of water, or i 
teaspoonf ul to 1 2 quarts of water. 
Used chiefly for cabbage worms (only if the leaves are attacked 
before the head is formed ; if after, use hellebore or salt or strong alum 
water), potato bugs and other chewing insects. Price, 2 ounces, 15 
cents; i pound, 65 cents. 
3. White Hellebore: May be sifted dry on plants of which the 
fruit is soon to be eaten. 
It should be mixed with flour or lime in proportion of i to 5 and 
scattered thickly on the plant or used as a spray, taking 4 ounces of 
hellebore to 2 gallons of water. Price, l4 pound, 40 cents; i pound, 65 
cents. 
Formulas for non-chewing insects 
I. Kerosene Emulsion: Should be prepared as follows: ^ pound 
soap — laundry, or whale oil; i gallon water; 2 gallons kerosene; or for 
limited use, 2 ounces soap; i quart water; 2 quarts kerosene. 
Dissolve soap in soft water. Remove from the fire and add oil 
while soap solution is warm. It is very important to mix this thor- 
oughly and it can be done by churning with a bicycle pump or small 
sprayer, until it turns to a creamy emulsion. This is a stock solution 
and should be diluted before being applied. 
For scale insects in the winter time, use i part in 4 or 5 parts of 
water. In summer time to control plant lice and for use against scale 
insects, use i part to 10 parts of water. 
In damp rainy weather, the emulsion should never be applied 
at the strength used on a bright day. The kerosene, owing to its 
slower evaporation, has an injurious effect on the foliage on wet days. 
Sucking insects must be reached by a contact insecticide in order 
to kill them. Great care must therefore be taken in the selection and 
application of sprays. 
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