THREE-LEAVED PINES: 
T 'inns ponder osa (Bull Pine or "Western Yellow Pine) : 
Leaves occasionally are 2 on the same plant. Habit of leaf, stiff; 
buds resinous, branchlets are fragrant when broken. A coming form. 
The boldest foliage we can grow — bigger than Austrian. It is used 
in re-forestation. 
Pinus rigida (Pitch Pine) : 
Branchlets not fragrant. Needles short, yellowish green. Native 
and picturesquely irregular. 
FIVE-LEAVED PINES: 
Pinus Strobus (White Pine) : 
Native. Open habit. One of our most valuable conifers. Has been 
subject to White Pine Blister but can now be planted with impunity 
because the rust spores developing on Sides (Qirrants, Gooseberries) 
plants (the host for the blister) do not travel long distances. Spores 
from an infected Pine tree itself travel as far as fifteen miles, but 
from the Bibes only one fifth of a mile. The blister does not spread 
from Pine to Pine — the Bites is the alternate host. Eliminate all 
Bibes in the immediate vicinity and the Pine will be safe. 
Pinus Cembra (Swiss Stone Pine) : 
Branchlets densely tomentose. Outline dense and symmetrical. Of 
slow growth, it is a very good tree where large form is not wanted. 
The short, compact needles are an excellent warm green with silvery 
tone. 
Pinus excelsa (Botan Pine) : 
Blue-green, long drooping leaves. Hardy to Boston but suffers in 
ice storms. Will not move when large. 
Pinus parviflora: 
Timber Pine of Japan. Very decorative and worth while for planting 
effects. 
Pseudotsuga taxifolia (Douglas Fir in the West — Douglas Spruce in the 
East) : 
Mountain-range seed more hardy than coastal-plain seed. Easily 
identified by long, large brown pointed buds, not balsamiferous. 
Cones pendulous with cover scales much longer than cone scales and 
pointed-toothed. Should be more planted, as its foliage has the 
softness of the Hemlock and it is more hardy. 
PICE A (SPRUCES) : 
Leaves four-sided in cross section, sharp at tip, not pale beneath, 
deciduous above base; buds not balsamiferous. 
Picea excelsa (Norway Sj)ruce) : 
Young twigs are reddish brown. Used for hedges and windbreak. Two 
good dwarf forms of compact growth, Picea Clanbrasiliana and Picea 
Maxwelli, are useful in landscape work where ' ' cushion ' ' forms are 
desired. 
Picea Canadensis (White Spruce) : 
Effect of foliage is whitish or grayish. Strong odor when crushed. This 
is the Eastern White Spruce. Picea Engelmanni is the White Spruce of 
the Rocky Mountains, but it is cultivated here in the East. 
Picea Mariana (Black Spruce) : 
Twigs downy, foliage dull bluish gray. Retains its small, empty 
cones for a long time. This gives the tree an untidy appearance and 
makes it of little use in landscape work. 
Picea rub ens (Red Spruce) : 
Foliage yellowish green. Name derived from color of the wood, as 
well as from the reddish brown bark. Not often cultivated. 
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