above, which are mostly of a bushy habit, and the larger shrubs 
are valuable for these purposes as well as food. Most Evergreens, 
both trees such as the Spruces and Pines and shrubs such as the 
Rhododendrons and Laurel, are of little or no value for food, but 
are excellent for shelter, especially in gardens whose extent 
warrants their use in any quantity. The berry-bearing plants 
mentioned will generally bring around the bluebird, cardinal, 
catbird, nicker, blue jay, kingbird, robin, cedar waxwing, many 
woodpeckers, etc.; there are other birds, such as some of the 
warblers, which can best be encouraged to come by planting some 
of the Evergreen trees. 
One thing that our gardens very often lack is sufficient 
enclosure or background. A garden may very well have views 
from it or openings out of it but one essential of a garden is that 
it be a well defined unit. The enclosure may be secured by a wall 
or fence but generally it will be by planting. Here we have the 
best opportunity to use some plants for the birds. "We can per- 
haps approximate here the tangle of trees and shrubs of different 
heights in which many birds delight. Evergreen trees are often 
the best things for the enclosure of a garden and a combination 
of them and some berry-bearing shrubs will be just the thing for 
the birds. 
Summer houses, shelters and such garden features generally 
appear to most advantage in among, or at least with a background 
of, trees and shrubs. Here is a desirable place to put some of 
the plants mentioned above as it will attract the birds to where 
they can be easily seen and heard. Bird-houses and bird-baths 
should be worked into the design of the garden just as any other 
feature — not located as an afterthought with no relation to the 
other parts. 
Among the many special kinds of gardens, such as water 
gardens, winter gardens, and Rose gardens, we have so called 
bird gardens. It is doubtful if many of these are essentially 
gardens; they are likely to be more or less indefinite areas with 
the plants arranged in no very orderly fashion. It would be 
possible, however, to have a real bird garden, one in which the 
emphasis would be placed on attracting the birds and still have 
a garden with plenty of bloom as well as attractions in the way 
of fruit and foliage. A bird garden of this kind might consist 
primarily of a wide strip of planting, wide enough to admit of 
using some trees as well as shrubs, around the outside and a nice 
lawn in the center. Perennials could be placed in borders in 
front of the enclosing shrubbery; they play some part in attract- 
ing birds, some of them being especially favored by humming 
birds. Details, such as specimen plants, a shelter, a pool, etc., 
could be added to advantage as long as they were subordinated 
to the central idea of providing a place where the birds, first of 
all, would feel at home. 
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