and that the old favorite flowers are the most lovable. It often hap- 
pens that in course of time a garden has become compHcated with a 
number of incongruous accretions. One occupier after another has 
made some alteration or addition, until the place has lost all sense of 
cohesion and all sentiment of repose. Then the designer is called in 
and sees how the original design has been lost and that the matter can 
only be remedied by drastic simplification. 
In concluding this series of articles for the Garden Club of 
America I wish to offer its members my sincerest sympathy, with 
admiration. for what they have aheady accomplished and an assured 
belief that the accomplishment of their aims will prove to be one of 
the best services they could render to their country. 
Fall and "Winter Management of Bees 
Letitia E. Wright, Jr. 
In the Fall, before it becomes cold, the bees must be prepared for 
the winter and be protected against the cool nights, which interfere 
with late breeding. This late breeding is very important, because 
the bees which emerge from their waxen cells late in the Fall, live 
through the Winter, and keep their vitaHty for the hard labors of 
Spring. The old bees may Hve through till Spring, but if the Winter 
has been very cold, or long, their vitality is gone, and they die very 
soon after starting to work. Bees keep the temperature of the hive 
in Winter about 40 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit, so when the temperature 
drops they must eat honey to give them the strength to exercise. 
This exercise stimulates heat, and with their warm bodies they heat 
the hive. The greater the mass of bees, the easier it is to keep the 
hive warm, so if the bees are in a locality where there is no Fall honey 
flow such as is produced by Aster, Goldenrod or Buckwheat, it would 
be well to start with stimulative feeding* early in the Fall, besides 
packing. This feeding and protection wiU make the queen lay heavily, 
and, if started early enough in the Fall, will help to bring the hive 
through the Winter in splendid condition. Of course, each colony 
must have 25 to 30 lbs. of honey left with them for the Winter, and 
more if they winter in a two-storied hive. 
Packing boxes, such as are described in the Farmers' Bulletin No. 
TOT 2, or ordinary packing boxes make the best Winter cases. Some 
boxes hold two hives and some hold four. Place the hives in these 
boxes and pack all around with four to six inches of leaves, straw or 
excelsior. Always remember that the bees must have an entrance 
through which they may come and go. This entrance should be con- 
tracted in the Winter so that the cold air does not make too much 
•Before feeding the bees read up the methods of doing this in the "A B C and X Y Z of Bee 
Culture," the chapter on Feeding and Feeders. 
