Palmae. 39 
hours, and the sap continues to How for about a month. When 
fresh the toddy is pleasant, but it soon ferments, and when distilled 
becomes the arrack or gin of India. Sugar is also obtained by boil- 
ing the toddy. The trees are tapped when they are twenty years 
old ; the portion tapped is the Mower stalk. Tapping is continued 
for eight months in the year, till the rainy season commences, the 
trees then become too slippery to be climbed. The trees are how- 
ever not allowed to rest but are tapped till exhausted. The pith 
or farinaceous part of the trunk is valued as sago which is said to 
equal that of the true Sago palm (Metroxylon sagus). It is made 
into bread and boiled into thick gruel. From the leaves a fibre is 
produced called Kittul, which is very strong and is made into ropes 
and other articles. 
The limine Palm was once extensively cultivated in Honolulu 
but the old trees have begun to flower and the majority of them have 
died ; still a goodly number may be observed in private grounds, most 
of them however in a flowering state. As no young palms of this 
species are being grown it will be only a few years at the most 
when this rather handsome species will have disappeared entirely 
from Honolulu. The specimen illustrated grows in Mr. Chas. 
Atherton's grounds on King street. 
Caryota //litis Lour., another species belonging to the genus 
Caryota, is cultivated in Honolulu, but there are only very few 
specimens, the best one occurring in the Mausoleum grounds on Nuu- 
anu Avenue. It differs from the Wine Palm in its soboliferous habit, 
small stature and very thin trunk and has a rather bushy appearance. 
The seeds are much smaller than in the foregoing species. It also is 
a native of India. 
Arenga Saccharifera (Wurmb.) La bill. 
Sugar Palm. 
Plate XVII. 
The Genus Arenga, numbering about; ten species, is distributed 
from tropical Asia and Malay to Australia, with five species in the 
Philippines. 
The Sugar Palm, which occurs throughout the Philippines and 
