Bixaceae-Flacourtiaceae. 159 
Bixa crellana Linn. 
Axatto. 
The Anatto is a small tree or shrub of handsome appearanc?. 
The leaves are ovate, cordate, and have a pointed apex. The flowers 
are white or pink, quite numerous, and are followed by burr-like 
ovoid capsules, at first green but later changing to a deep red, and 
are covered with slender, soft spines. The seeds are covered with 
an arrillus of a bright orange-red color, which constitutes the Anatto 
of commerce. 
It is a native of tropical America, but is now widely distributed 
in the tropics of the world. The arrillus is often removed from the 
seeds while fresh and compacted into cakes, in which form it is ex- 
ported into the United States for manufacture into butter color. 
Over seven hundred thousand pounds were annually imported, 
valued above fifty-four thousand dollars, but lately aniline dyes have 
supplanted it. Only a few specimens, mostly shrubbv in appear- 
ance, may be found in Honolulu, especially on Nuuanu Avenue in 
private grounds. 
Cochlospermum Balicum Boerl. 
Plate LXV. 
This rather handsome species here illustrated is a native of the 
East Indies and is under cultivation in Java, where the writer saw 
it in the Botanic Gardens of Buitenzorg. Its large, handsome, bright 
yellow flowers give it a very ornamental aspect. The leaves are. 
however, subject to insect attacks and have a dilapidated appearance. 
It is probably related to C. hibtscoides and C. vitifolium. Only 
a single tree is at present under cultivation in Honolulu, in Mr. 
G. P. Wilder's grounds. 
FLACOURTIACEAE 
Flacourtia Family. 
This family, which consists of about 550 species, is distributed 
over most tropical countries and is represented in Honolulu by two 
introduced species belonging to the genus Flacourtia, Flacourtia 
sepiaria and Fl. Jangomas, the latter known as Fl. Cataphracta 
Roxb., which name is a synonym. Both species have edible fruits? 
which are of the size and color of a cherry. They may be found in 
Mrs. M. E. Foster's premises. Of the latter species one tree occurs 
also on the Old Plantation grounds on King Street. 
Pangium cdulc Reinw., a fruit tree, has also been introduced. 
