WHITE OR WHITISH FLOWERS 
Bastard Toad-flax {Comandra umhellata). Sandalwood 
family. April to July. 
A distinctive weed of the open woods, perennial, with stem 
not over one foot high, from horizontal root-stalk. Flower- 
stalks several-flowered; styles slender; calyx (one-sixth inch 
high) greenish-white with five star-like lobes; five stamens, one 
opposite each lobe to which it is connected by hairs, whence the 
Greek name signifying to let the hair grow. Leaves oblong, 
blunt-pointed, short-stalked, without teeth. Dry ground. 
Thorn Apple {Datura Stramonium) . Nightshade family. 
July to September. 
An annual several feet high; flowers, Morning Glory-like, 
four inches long, short-stalked. Leaves rather large. Waste 
ground. (Hindoo dhatura.) 
Upright Bindweed ( Convolvulus spithamcBus) . Convolvulus 
family. May to August. 
An upright perennial with stem six inches to a foot high, 
bearing at the top a Morning Glory nearly two inches long, 
with two large bracts at its base. Leaves heart-shaped at base. 
Dry ground. 
May Apple, yiandrake (Podophyllum peltatum). Barberry 
family. May. 
A perennial herb whose flowering stem (a foot high) bears 
two large leaves and drooping flower, two inches broad, with 
six sepals (soon falling) and about seven inversely egg-shaped 
petals, twice as many stamens. From separate root-stalk rises 
the long stalk of a round, lobed leaf, sometimes a foot across, 
with stalk inserted in the middle (peltate). Open woods, 
Western Quebec, West and South. To appreciate the name 
" Umbrellas " one must see it before the leaves unfold (see cut). 
(Greek foot, and leaf.) 
176 
