48 
HARDY PERENNIALS 
languish, and probably die, especially if, as is very 
likely to be the case, their ends are doubled up and 
twisted in pressing them into the hole. All holes 
should be made sufficiently broad to enable the 
roots to be spread out to their full extent. A good 
plan is to take out soil to a good depth, and then 
make a mound in the centre so that the plant resting 
upon it will just 
have its crown — 
the point from 
which young 
growth start s — 
level with the 
ground line. Lay 
out the roots on 
every side so that 
they spread down 
the sides of the 
mound without 
being bent against 
the sides of the 
hole. Fill in with 
well-broken soil until the whole is filled slightly 
above the normal level. The pressure then required 
to restore proper level will suffice to properly firm 
the roots. It is a mistake to plant very large clumps. 
Such things as Heleniums, Erigerons, Perennial 
Asters and other plants the crowns of which can 
be separated with a fair share of roots to each, will 
do infinitely better if thus separated and spread 
Rational Planting, allowing Space for 
Natural Distribution of Roots. 
The Crown of Plant level with Surface of Soil. 
