100 HARDY PERENNIALS 
and varieties in a manner that would be serviceable 
would occupy a volume. It would be practically 
true to say that Campanulas produce bell- or cup- 
shaped flowers of blue or white, but such a state- 
ment would convey no idea of the infinite variety 
of form, height, or habit, nor of the marvellous range 
of tones and shades ranging from the palest lavender 
to the bright azure or deep plum purple and almost 
indigo blue which are to be found among the tall 
stately border Campanulas or the dwarf or trailing 
gems of the rock-garden. It may without hesitation 
be said that wherever soil and situation make 
gardening a possibility some kinds of Campanulas 
may be grown. The majority will thrive in any good 
garden soil, and will flower in positions where lack 
of sunshine prevents many things thriving. Among 
the miniatures are some of our most delightful 
rock plants, and we have also varieties that are 
admirably adapted for edging the herbaceous border 
or beds of hardy perennials. C. carpatica in several 
named varieties is serviceable in either of these 
capacities, and it may also be utilized as the sole 
occupant of small beds, and with a little attention 
in the way of removal of faded blossoms and seed 
pods it will continue in bloom for a long period. The 
flowers of carpatica are shallow cup-shaped and 
hold themselves up to view. Those of the pusilla 
species, which are among the smallest of the family, 
are nodding bells, dangling like tiny fairies 'thimbles. 
C. van Koutteii has pendant bells of exceptionally 
