102 HARDY PERENNIALS 
with large tufted heads of bright violet blossoms, 
and C. latifolia, in blue or white varieties. Most 
varieties of Campanulas produce young shoots that 
may be taken off as cuttings in Spring. Division 
of the roots is another ready method of increasing 
stock. Seeds are abundantly produced and grow 
freely, but in many instances, especially with garden 
varieties, seedlings will vary considerably both in 
regard to height and colour. The Canterbury Bells, 
which are of biennial character and very popular 
for both beds and borders, are varieties of Campanula 
Medium. The section named calycanthema varieties 
are the Cup and Saucer Bells, and both may be had 
in shades of blue, rose-pink and white. Seeds sown 
in May or June, and transplanted before they 
become drawn and weak from overcrowding, will 
make strong plants for flowering the following year. 
The soil in which they are first transplanted should 
not be over rich, lest the growth become too sappy 
and soft to stand through the Winter. In Spring, 
however, it is well to dig in between the rows, or 
the groups in the border, a supply of short, well-rotted 
manure, and particularly fine specimens may be 
secured by feeding with liquid manure in frequent 
weak doses from the time the first sign of rising 
flower stems is observed. 
Catananche. — The starry flowers of the cornflower- 
blue C. cserulea, and the blue and white C. bicolour 
are of peculiar character. The calyces are scaly, 
after the style of the old-fashioned everlasting flower. 
