154 HARDY PERENNIALS 
we must prepare a well-nourished bed of deep soil, 
three feet not being too much, and here should be 
planted young plants from pots. Year by year 
they will increase in size and vigour as their thick 
fleshy roots strike deeper into the soil. It may 
occasionally happen that a plant remains entirely 
dormant for a season, but it should not be assumed 
to be dead, for most probably the following year's 
growth will be finer than ever. Other varieties of 
Incarvillea are well worth growing, all being better 
in partial shade than full sun. 
Inula. — There is a refinement even in the largest 
of the Inulas, for although the varieties Hookeri, 
Grandifiora, and Glandulosa produce bright yellow 
blossoms several inches across, the petals are so 
thread-like and wavy that the flower presents no 
vestige of heaviness. The foliage too is broad, 
noble, and very handsome. Plant in strong soil, 
give ample room, and keep well watered in Summer. 
Iris. — It would surely baffle the ablest writer to 
attempt to pay adequate tribute to the vast and 
varied Iris family, to describe even in outline the 
characteristics of the many sections and multitude 
of species and varieties, and to deal with the cultural 
requirements of the more fastidious and delicate 
kinds except under the conditions that he should be 
granted unlimited space and time to devote to his 
task. We certainly cannot do justice to this glorious 
family in this book, and therefore we prefer to urge 
that every garden should contain some Irises, that 
