53 
The eggs are deposited in large cracks in the bark of the old vine. 
Many long yellowish eggs are packed together. The larvae on hatch- 
ing fall to the ground and immediately burrow in search of the roots 
of the grape. They reach maturity in August when they are nearly 
one-half of an inch long, white, with a yellowish head. At this time 
of the year they construct earthen cells in the ground and hibernate 
as larvae until the following June, when they pupate. The period of 
pupation is about two weeks. The adult then appears in July and 
begins feeding upon the foliage. 
Remedies. — As the larvae of this insect do the more serious dam- 
age and work in the ground while the adults feed upon the foliage, it 
is clear that at least two remedies are called for. As a matter of 
fact, a satisfactory remedy for the larval stage has not yet been dis- 
covered. No insects operating in the ground can be easily reached. 
A good practice to prevent the young grubs reaching the roots is 
to keep loose soil raised about the base of the vines. To destroy the 
larvae in the roots it was recommended by Mr. Webster, in Ohio, to 
inject carbon bisulphide in the soil about the roots, using from four 
to sis fluid ounces per vine. The best results follow such applica- 
tions made in the spring before pupation takes place. This is an 
expensive treatment and may be avoided by a persistent fight with 
the adults upon the foliage. The vines should be thoroughly sprayed 
sometime between the 25th of June and the middle of July, to kill 
the beetles before they lay their eggs, using two or three pounds of 
arsenate of lead in 150 gallons of water. 
Professor Slingerland, of Cornell Experiment Station, has shown* 
"that the pest can be more cheaply fought then (in the pupa stage) 
by proper cultivation than at any other time, and as effectively as by 
any other method;" "that thorough, frequent and timely cultivation 
of the vineyard, especially close around the vines, during June and 
July, will prevent the grape root-worm from being a serious menace 
in any vineyard." Weedy vineyards invite insects and those which 
have suffered most from the depredations of this insect have gener- 
ally been such as were neglected in cultivation. Feeding the vines 
with the proper fertilizers to induce a strong healthy growth enables 
the plants to resist or quickly overcome the injury caused by in- 
sects. It is the weakling that suffers most in adversity. 
THE GRAPE LEAF-HOPPER. 
(TyplJocy~ba comes.) 
The Grape Leaf-hopper or "Thrip" is a very common insect pest. 
There is scarcely a grape-vine in the United States that does not 
have more or less of these tiny insects upon it. Serious damage is 
•Pul ?ns. OrnoU V.xr> Station, Tlhaea, N. T. 
