56 
inent. If vineyards are so located that they may be hooded with 
water, the phylloxera may be effectually killed by submersion. The 
remedy, however, which is applicable to all conditions is the practice 
of grafting upon resistant stocks. 
THE GRAPE CANE-BORER. 
(Amphicerus blcaudatus. ) 
During the summer months the vineyardist will discover young 
shoots which have apparently broken off at the old wood as if by ac- 
cident and are turning black and dying. An examination will re- 
veal the fact, if it was not an accident, that a hole in the cane at the 
base of the broken shoot fixes the responsibility upon an insect, 
the Cane-borer. It causes similar depredations upon our fruit and 
shade trees and shrubs. 
Description. — The adult is a cylindrical brown beetle less than one- 
half of an inch long. It may be found in the burrow at the time the 
dying shoot is discovered, but soon leaves it to find dead roots or 
grape brush in which to lay eggs as it breeds in such rubbish. 
Remedy. — As the insects never appear in large numbers and know- 
ing its breeding habits, the only work called for is to keep the dead 
wood out of reach by promptly burning the primings. 
THE GRAPE-BERRY MOTH. 
(Eudemis botrana.) 
When grapes have become full size and begin to color, several 
berries of a bunch may be found to be discolored, as if unhealthy. 
The skin is clouded with purple or black and the pulp is penetrated 
by a "worm" or larva. This larva having fed for sometime in a berry 
eats its way out and into an adjacent berry, tying the two together 
by silken threads. When the inhabited berries are disturbed the 
occupant is very active in trying to escape. 
Description. — The adult of this larva is a moth about the size of 
the codling moth. The wings are slate-colored with reddish-brown 
and white markings. It lays the eggs upon the berry and the young 
larva promptly eats its way into the fruit. When it has become full- 
grown it leaves the berry and passes to a leaf where it covers itself 
by cutting a flap of tin 1 leaf-blade which it folds over its body and 
fastens with silk threads. Here it transforms into a chrysalis and 
remains until the next season. 
Remedy. — Poisons designed to kill the larvae before they enter 
the berries are impracticable, and there is no other vulnerable point 
in the life history of this insect. Fortunately, the loss is slight. 
Bagging the bunches before the berries are over half-grown is the 
most effectual means of protecting the fruit. 
