35 
The insecticides are as follows: 
Paris Green. — Paris green, lit).; linie, 1 lb.; water, 200-300 gals. 
Repeated applications will injure most foliage unless lime is 
added. Paris green and B rdeaux mixture can be applied together 
with perfect safety. Use at the rate of 4 ozs. of the arsenite to 50 
gals, of the mixture. The action of neither is weakened, and the 
Paris green loses all caustic properties. For insects which chew. 
London Purple. — This is used in the same proportion as Paris 
green, but as it is more caustic it should be applied with two or 
three times its weight of lime, or with Bordeaux mixture. The com- 
position of London purple is exceedingly variable, and unless good 
reasons exist for supposing that it contains as much arsenic as 
Paris green, use the latter poison. For insects which chew. 
Arsenate of Lead. — Acetate of lead, 11 ozs.; arsenate of soda, 4 
ozs.; water, 150 gals. 
Dissolve the acetate of lead in 4 qts. of hot water in a wooden 
vessel, and the arsenate of soda in 2 qts. of water in another wooden 
vessel, and w T hen fully dissolved mix the two solutions in a tank 
containing 150 gals, of water. Used as a substitute for Paris green 
for insects that chew. A commercial article called "Disparene' 1 
has essentially this formula. 
Kerosene Emulsion. — Hard soap, \ lb.; boiling water, 1 gal.; kero- 
sene, 2 gals. 
Dissolve the soap in water, add the kerosene and churn with a 
pump for 5 to 10 minutes. Dilute 10 to 25 times before applying. 
Use strong emulsion for all scale insects. For insects which suck, 
as plant lice, mealy bugs, red spider, thrips, bark-lice or scale. 
Kerosene and Water. — By the use of a kerosene sprayer, kerosene 
and water may be sprayed upon plants in a mechanical mixture in 
any proportion desired. One part kerosene to three parts water may 
be used on dormant trees, and one part kerosene to five parts water 
may be used in growing season. Recommended for scale insects and 
soft-bodied insects. A convenient substitute for kerosene emul- 
sion. Use only on sunny or breezy days. 
THE SPECIES OF GRAPE. 
From all historical records, it is very probable that the grape is 
the oldest cultivated fruit, and in such instances, it was always the 
European or wine-grape that was concerned. 
