33 
had spraying apparatus and few knew much about spraying. After 
the demons nations and experience of 11)03, with the excellent re- 
sults of spraying in a few vineyards, the neighbors were convinced of 
the value of this modern operation in successful fruit culture. One 
grape grower showed figures to prove that his spraying cost him 
$G per acre and saved him $30 per acre. Another having extensive 
fruit interests, declared that he was beuefited financially and other- 
wise to the extent of $3,000. 
Sprayer. — Each fruit grower should study the different types of 
sprayers and select the one which is best suited to his purpose. The 
knapsack sprayer finds but little use in commercial fruit planta- 
tions. The barrel pump, mounted on a sled, is not as expensive 
as a geared sprayer, and much more thorough work can be done with 
the former. A geared sprayer, like the one illustrated in Fijj. 13, 
known as the "New Victor," requires but one man — the driver — to 
operate it, but the four fixed noz/.les shown in the illustration do 
not insure effectual spraying. It would be better to assemble all 
the nozzles in a cluster of four to eight and connect it to the 
sprayer with a twelve-foot length of three-quarter inch hose and put 
another man in charge of it, to see that the fruit and foliage in 
the interior of the mass of vines as well as the exterior receives 
the spray. Any portion of the green vine or fruit that is not cov- 
ered by a film of the fungicide is liable to the attack of a fungus 
disease. Operated in this way by two men the New Victor sprayer 
will do thorough work at the rate of ten acres per day. The list 
price of this machine is $70.00, including the cart and all fixtures. 
The tank holds 100 gallons. 
Automatic sprayers are being constructed with good practical 
ideas, and should be considered when making a selection for the 
commercial vineyard. The Piercc-Loop sprayer, Fig. 14, manufac- 
tured by the Pierce-Loop Co., of North East, Pa., is one of this style, 
which has been in use for several years and has given great satis- 
faction. The sprayer consists essentially of two tanks of fifty-two 
gallons capacity each, mounted on a two-wheeled cart. One is to be 
filled with the spraying mixture, the other with compressed air. 
When charged, the sprayer is taken to the vineyard and there, by 
opening a valve between the two tanks, the compressed air drives 
out the spraying mixture in a continuous stream until the last drop 
is expelled. This machine is designed for extensive operations. 
The whole outfit consists of a steam engine, an air-compressor, an 
air-storage tank, two carts complete (one is to be filled at the charg- 
ing station while the other is being used in the vineyard), with 
necessary hose and nozzles. The expense of such an outfit makes 
it unsuitable for limited areas of fruit. 
