138 
WISCONSIN HORTICULTURE 
May, 1918 
About Arsenate of Lime and 
Spray Pumps. 
No. 1. Can arsenate of lime bei 
used in place of arsenate of lead? 
No. 2. Certain parties have 
hand spray pumps with long 
shanks for hose connections so 
that two or three clamps can be 
used. Also in the better hand 
pumps two vertical single-acting 
cylinders are used. Will suck a 
combination enable me to pene- 
trate farther into the tree and 
reach higher branches than with 
my $25.00 Goulds Pomona Pump ? 
No. 3. How many nozzles can 
he used with this combination and 
should they be single or double 
nozzles? 
No. 4. Can I get a combined 
orchard and vine crop sprayer 
without getting a power outfit? 
With my Pomona pump the hose 
connections are always blowing 
off, also I do not consider we get 
enough pressure. 
No. 5. Should trees he sprayed 
until they drip? 
Answers by Dr. E. D. Ball, State 
Entomologist. 
(1) Yes, arsenate of lime can be 
used as a substitute for arsenate 
of lead anywhere the latter is 
used. Arsenite of lime, which is 
more commonly used than arsen- 
ate, can also be used but about 
four pounds of fresh lime should 
be added to every 50 gallons of 
water, in order to prevent burn- 
ing. This latter substance can 
be made at home. 
(2) The double acting hand 
pumps, such as you describe, have 
a longer leverage than the Po- 
mona barrel pumps and can there- 
fore maintain a slightly higher 
pressure and will pump more 
liquid in a given time. There is 
no reason, however, why you 
should not reach the highest 
branch of any tree with a Pomo- 
na pump and do just as efficient 
spraying as with any other kind, 
— even a power outfit. 
(3) Either a double acting or a 
Pomona pump should only have 
one lead of hose. This should be 
about 30 feet long and preferably 
t /2 inch in diameter. To this 
The Pass Word — “War.’’ 
“We have got to reach the 
place, each one of us, where 
we define every decision in 
our lives as an act of war pol- 
icy. 
“Everything that we do, 
plan, eat, wear, must be an- 
alyzed and measured from 
one single point of view — 
will it contribute to the carry- 
ing on of the war, or will it 
contribute to its prolong- 
ation ? 
“There is no other thing 
in the world for us but to de- 
fine everything in our lives as 
acts of military necessity or 
policy.” 
— Dr. Alonzo Taylor. 
should be attached one way cutoff 
and a 10 foot Bamboo pole, an 
angle, and a single Bordeaux 
nozzle for the driving spray, or a 
single “Friend” or other large 
whirling spray nozzle for cover 
sprays. 
(4) The vine spraying attach- 
ment can be purchased separately 
and attached to the back of a wa- 
gon or cart, and the hose of an 
ordinary spray attached to this. 
Or, the outfit can be made at home 
with gas pipes and four Vermorel 
nozzles. This will make a better 
outfit than most of those in use. 
but will of course require a man 
to pump. 
There is no reason why the hose 
should blow off a Pomona outfit. 
It may be that the hose you are 
using is too large for the coupling, 
or that your coupling has a poor 
shank. If so, one with sharp 
screw-like notches can be pur- 
chased for a few cents. A single 
clamp on this type of coupling 
should hold any amount of pres- 
sure. The most valuable feature 
of the Pomona pump is that it eau 
be repacked so as to give perfect 
pressure at any time. If, after 
pumping the pressure up until 
the pump is tight, you find that 
the handle can be moved down or 
that the pressure goes down exam- 
ine the valves and see that they 
are not leaking. If the valves are 
not leaking the pressure once 
pumped up should stay indefinite- 
ly and yon should not be able to 
move the handle at all. If the 
handle moves, take off the collar 
around the cylinder, put in some 
new packing, which you can buy 
at any machine shop or hardware 
store, and screw the collar down 
tight, putting in a little oil. This 
should make the pump as good as 
new and should he done each year. 
(5) When spraying for the pur- 
pose of coating the leaves with 
spraying compound care should be 
taken to have as little dripping as 
possible with perfect covering. 
By using the bamboo pole and the 
nozzle set on an angle, this can be 
done with little waste. 
The spray on apple trees after 
the blossoms fall is largely for the 
purpose of driving the poison into 
the calyx cups. For this purpose 
a driving nozzle, such as the Bor- 
deaux, should be used and the 
spraying should be continued un- 
til after each blossom has been 
covered, regardless of dripping. 
