June, 1919 
WISCONSIN HORTICULTURE 
133 
Spray Materials 
Prof. R. B. Cruickshank, Ohio 
State University 
New materials and methods for 
the control of insects and diseases 
are constantly appearing, and if 
any of these offer the fruit grower 
a saving in money or time they be- 
come a matter of immediate inter- 
est. 
Arsenate of calcium, as a substi- 
tute for arsenate of lead, is begin- 
ning to attract attention. Manu- 
facturers have been gradually im- 
proving it for the past few years 
and it promises perhaps to be a 
spray material which will do the 
work of arsenate of lead at less 
cost. Calcium arsenate runs 10 to 
12 per cent higher in arsenic ox- 
ide than lead arsenate powder 
and at least 50 per cent cheaper. 
Using the calcium arsenate at the 
rate of 1 pound to 50 gallons, this 
would mean a saving of about 15 
cents per 50 gallons of spray. Cal- 
cium arsenate has been found to 
be effective against codling moth 
perhaps does not stick as long as 
lead arsenate, does not injure fo- 
liage when used with either liquid 
or dry lime-sulphur, Bordeaux 
mixture or lime. In Maine, for 
the past two seasons, the percent- 
age of merchantable apples has 
been decidedly in favor of the ar- 
senate of calcium as compared 
with arsenate of lead. A general 
and universal recommendation of 
this material would be dangerous, 
but it is certainly worthy of trial 
by growers as it holds the possi- 
bility of a considerable saving. 
Dry Lime Sulphur 
Shewin-Williams’ dry lime-sul- 
phur is also attracting attention 
because of greater convenience in 
handling. It is a true lime-sulfur 
depending upon sulphides and pol- 
ysulphides for its fungicidal and 
insecticidal properties. New York 
reports about 10 per cent more 
scab with dry lime-sulfur as com- 
pared with the standard liquid so- 
lution; Michigan reported about 
the same difference last year in 
the face of a heavy scab infection 
and 1 per cent difference this year 
with a light scab infection on the 
checks ; Wisconsin’s tests this year 
shows good scab control, compar- 
ed with liquid lime-sulfur and 
Bordeaux mixture and the check 
trees were three-quarters scabby; 
Ohio has been able to control scale 
and scab, but has had no oppor- 
tunity to give it a severe test. In 
several instances it was suggested 
that it ought to be used one-half 
again as strong as recommended 
by the manufacturers for the best 
results. In fact in Maine, when 
used at about 3V2 pounds per 50 
gallons in two seasons, it did 
slightly better than liquid lime- 
sulfur. On account of its greater 
cost it will probably not be used 
this year by large growers, but at 
appears to have a place for the 
man who uses less than a barrel 
of lime-sulfur during the season. 
Dusting is also a matter of in- 
terest just now because of its time 
saving factor. Results in different 
States show wide divergence as 
regards efficiency, and the cost of 
materials is high. However, dust- 
ing is being done by more and 
more men each year. I believe 
large growers will provide them- 
selves with dusting outfits for em- 
ergencies at least on account of 
their speed. The spray gun, how- 
ever, has done much to check that 
tendency in Ohio in the past two 
years. 
Keep garden tools bright and 
sharp. They will work easier. 
By, By, Barberry 
No. 278, A.] [Published May 19, 1919 
CHAPTER 189, LAWS OF 1919 
AN ACT to create section 1494 — 9a ot 
the statutes relating to the eradica- 
tion of the harmful species and va- 
rieties of barberry and other plant 
species which act as hosts or car- 
riers of dangerous plant diseases or 
insect pests. 
The people of the state of Wisconsin, 
represented in senate and assembly, 
do enact as follows: 
Section 1. There is added to the 
statutes a new section to be numbered 
and to read: Section 14'94 — 9a (1) No 
person, firm, or corporation shall re- 
ceive, ship, accept for shipment, trans- 
port, sell, offer for sale, give away, de- 
liver, plant, or permit to exist on his 
or its premises any plant of the harm- 
ful barberry, or any plant of a species 
that shall be designated by the de- 
partment of agriculture in published 
regulations to be a host or carrier of 
a dangerous plant disease or insect 
pest. 
(2) The state entomologist of the 
department of agriculture and his 
deputies are hereby empowered to era- 
dicate and such plant found growing in 
the state. If the owner shall refuse 
or neglect to eradicate such plants 
within ten days after receiving a writ- 
ten notice, the expense of such eradi- 
cations shall be assessed, collected, 
and enforced against the premises up- 
on which such expense was incurred 
as taxes are assessed, collected and 
enforced and shall be paid into the 
treasury of the state. 
3) The term “harmful barberry” 
shall be interpreted to consist of any 
species of Berberis or Mahonia sus- 
ceptible to infection by Puccinis gra- 
minis, commonly called black stem 
rust of grain, but not including Japa- 
nese barberry, B, thunbergii, which 
does not propagate the rust. 
(4) The penalties provided in sec- 
tion 1494 — lOi and all other applicable 
provisions of section 1494 — 1 to 1494 
— lOi, inclusive, shall govern and ap- 
ply to the enforcement of this section. 
Section 2. This act shall take effect 
upon passage and publication. 
Approved May 15, 1919. 
COPY LAW. 
One of the most successful mar- 
ket gardners about the twin cities 
began years ago to give his boys 
and girls when they were small, 
an interest in his business, and as 
men and women they carry on the 
business today, not one of them 
wanting to leave it. 
