142 
WISCONSIN HORTICULTURE 
June, 1919 
shire, Vermont, and Massachu- 
setts, but as this has never repre- 
sented more than 5 per cent of the 
total commercial production it is 
of relatively less importance. 
Other Production Centers 
In latter years two comparative- 
ly new commercial apple regions 
have come into large production — 
the Pacific Northwest and the 
Shenandoah-Cumberland region of 
Virginia, West Virginia, Alary- 
land, and Pennsylvania. The for- 
mer is producing now almost as 
many commercial apples as New 
York, and the latter is producing 
about half as many. Roughly 
speaking, New York, the Pacific 
Northwest, and the Shenandoah- 
Cumberland produce about five- 
eighths of all the commercial ap- 
ples grown in the United States. 
The Shenandoah-Cumberland re- 
gion is yet only approaching its 
maximum production. In the 
Northwest there was considerable 
planting of unsuitable lands, but 
western production is being sta- 
bilized and will continue to be an 
increasingly important factor in 
the apple industry. 
Other regions of considerable 
commercial apple production are 
the Piedmont district of Virginia, 
the Hudson Valley, southern Ohio, 
western Michigan, southern and 
western Illinois, the Ozark Moun- 
tain region of Arkansas and Mis- 
souri, the Missouri River region of 
Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, and Ne- 
braska, the Arkansas Amlley re- 
gion, California, and Colorado. 
Investigatioii of commercial ap- 
ple production was begun by the 
Department of Agriculture in 
1917, and a survey has been made 
of every important apple-produc- 
ing county in the United States. 
As a result of this investigation, a 
carefully organized system has 
been perfected for issuing regular 
monthly reports during the grow- 
ing season, forecasting commer- 
cial apple production. This serv- 
ice has been extended to peaches, 
and soon will include pears and 
other fruits. 
— Weekly News Letter. 
Cash for Blueberry Plants 
After a thorough investigation 
of the matter, Wisconsin Horticul- 
ture believes some of its readers 
will be interested in assisting the 
following work to a limited de- 
gree. 
For several years past, Mr. 
F. A T . Coville, of the United States 
Department of Agriculture, and 
Miss Elizabeth C. White, of New 
Lisbon, New Jersey, have been 
cultivating blueberries and work- 
ing to produce new and better va- 
rieties. To get new varieties they 
find the very best wild bushes and 
then cross-breed these wild plants. 
The seeds resulting from the cross 
breeding grow into all sorts of 
new varieites, .just as seedling ap- 
ples are seldom like the tree they 
came from. Many of these new 
varieties of blueberries are poorer 
than their parents, but about one 
in a thousand turns out to be 
much better than either parent 
and makes a promising new varie- 
ty. 
About ten years ago the Depart- 
ment of Agriculture published 
Air. Coville ’s first work on blue- 
berry culture. His most surpris- 
ing discovery was that blueberries 
cannot live in a well-balanced, fer- 
tile soil. They require sour or 
acid soil and are actually killed by 
the application of fertilizer which 
would be the best possible food 
for ordinary plants. Some years 
ago a wild blueberry plant was 
found in Massachusetts with ber- 
an inch in diameter, but it was 
killed by people who attempted to 
force its growth with concentrat- 
ed fertilizer. 
Since 1911 Aliss AVhite, at New 
Lisbon, New Jersey, has been 
raising new varieties and the best 
wild plants that could be found. 
She is now trying to find a num- 
ber of wild plants for use for this 
work. She already has a few 
plants that have berries three- 
quarters of an inch through, and 
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