156 
WISCONSIN HORTICULTURE 
July, 1919 
Orchard Notes from Illinois. 
INTERNATIONAL APPLE SHIPPERS ASSOCIATION 
Mr. William Toole, Sr., who at- 
tended the convention and fruit 
show of the Illinois State Society 
held in Chicago last December re- 
turned with most interesting notes 
on the papers and discussions pre- 
sented at the convention. While 
these have not been edited by Mr. 
Toole nor submitted by him for 
publication the editor takes the lib- 
erty of publishing the original notes 
and is of the opinion that our read- 
ers will agree that the notes con- 
tain very much valuable informa- 
tion in concise form. 
Crown rot is serious, entailing a 
loss in some orchards as high as 30 
per cent, caused by soil conditions 
including lack of drainage. 
Fruit buds are seldom winter 
killed. It is a mistake to think that 
winter injury to bark only happens 
on southwest side of tree. Care- 
less observers often mistake mice 
injury for winter killing. Drouth 
often causes serious injury. Crown 
gall very much weakens trees in 
the orchard. 
Root rot is serious in southern 
part of the state. Canker on limbs 
and trunk is frequent cause of 
death. There are physical causes 
like lack of nutrition and lack of 
congeniality between scion and 
stock. Grimes Golden gives out at 
about twenty years old. Top work- 
ing that variety on congenial stock 
is recommended. Canker causes 50 
per cent of all losses. Cutting out 
soon enough stops spread of the 
infection. Cut out dead material 
first, next cut around the edge of 
healthy tissue and remove the bor- 
der, keeping knife sterilized with 
bichloride of mercury, also spray 
the newly cut surfaces with the 
same. Spray the finished work 
with gas tar to keep out wooly 
(Continued from page 153) 
each variety. An exhibitor may limit his exhibit to a single plate of one va- 
riety or he may enter as many of the varieties specified as he desires. 
These classes require a separate exhibit from the Group Classes. The plates 
are not interchangeable. In other words plates cannot be withdrawn from 
the Group Classes to fill these classes. The same varieties, of course, can be 
entered in both the Group and Single Plate Classes, but not the same identi- 
cal apples. Exhibitors entering both the Group and Single Plate Classes 
should use due care to clearly specify the particular fruit intended for this 
special class so that no error may occur. 
Single Plate Sweepstake Prize 
The plates winning first prizes in the above classes will constitute a Single 
Plate Sweepstakes Class, and a Silver Cup will be awarded to the best plate 
in this Class. 
Basis of Judging 
In judging the Exhibit, the following features will be considered and will 
count when perfect as the scale of points indicates. The scale is the stand- 
ard of perfection and indicates the relative importance of the various points. 
Exhibits will be judged on this basis. 
Scale of Points 
Quality — (Including appearance, smoothness, regularity of form and 
freedom from blemish) 50 
Size — (As representing the section from which it comes at that sea- 
son of the year) 40 
Color — (As representing the section from which it comes at that sea- 
son of the year) 10 
100 
It should be noted that Color is relatively Unimportant. This is made so 
because the season is not far enough advanced at the time of the exhibit to 
allow it to be given a greater value. 
General Notes 
Limitation of Classes 
General Group Classes — The General Group Classes carrying with them the 
President’s Cup are open to the world-growers, dealers, associations or selling 
agencies. It is not necessary that the fruit exhibited be raised by the person 
who exhibits it, or that it come from a single orchard or a single owner. It 
must, however, be exhibited as the product of the State where it was actually 
raised. 
Single Plate Classes — These classes are limited to Growers showing the 
product of orchards owned or leased by them. 
I. 
'What to Exhibit 
It is fully recognized that fruit is not matured by August 13th. The ques- 
tion of maturity has nothing to do with this exhibit. An immature apple has 
just as great a chance as a matured apple, providing it is up to the standard 
for its particular section or state, at that season of the year. 
In other words the variety of seasons in the various states is taken into 
account by the judges in making their awards, and everyone is on an equal 
footing, regardless of weather the fruit is fu 1 grown or not. 
(1) We want this year's fruit. Take it as it is on or about the date of the 
exhibit. 
(2) Commercial varieties are wanted, and the awards will be upon this 
basis. 
No entrance fees. You are also welcome to arrange your own exh’bit if 
you desire. 
Number of Varieties 
It is not necessary that you exhibit the full maximum number of varieties 
mentioned in the Class Rules to be eligible to an award, providing your ex- 
hibit, whatever its number, truly represents the Commercial Varieties of the 
state or section it purports to represent. You may also exhibit a greater 
number of varieties than required, with the understanding that the excess is 
not to be considered in competition. 
From 5 to 8 apples of each variety are sufficient. More may be shown 
if desired. 
How to Send an Exhibit 
1. Pack each variety by itself in a carton, paper bag or other container 
with the Name of the variety clearly indicated on or inside such container. 
