July, 1919 
WISCONSIN HORTICULTURE 
THE I. A. S. A. CONVENTION 
The apple show held in. connec- 
tion with the annual convention of 
the International Apple Shippers' 
Association is unlike any other 
fruit show in that green apples 
are shown. At first glance it ap- 
pears ridiculous to exhibit apples 
less than half grown but this ex- 
hibit is not for the entertainment 
of the general public but for the 
information of apple buyers. Men 
who have been engaged for years 
in buying apples can form a fairly 
accurate judgment of the crop 
from partly matured fruit and 
Wisconsin growers will do well to 
exhibit at Milwaukee next month. 
The exhibit is of interest only to 
those who will have apples in car 
lots. The complete premium list 
and rules are given in this issue. 
Secretary Phillips of the I. A. S. 
A. announces that there will be an 
exhibit of apple graders at the 
Milwaukee convention, August 13 
to 16. 
Vinegar Bees. 
Vinegar making or the conver- 
sion of sweet cider into vinegar is 
a slow process requiring, under 
cellar conditions, several months. 
Various means are employed 
for hastening the process. One of 
these, know as “vinegar bees,’’ is 
quite common in the eastern 
states, but evidently has been but 
little known in Wisconsin. 
Mr. C. R. Tuttle, of Baraboo, 
who has been engaged in vinegar 
making for years, recently secured 
some of the “bees” and sent sam- 
ples to this office and to the hor- 
ticultural department of the Min- 
nesota College. 
159 
The sample sent here was for- 
warded to E. G. Hastings, profes- 
sor of bacteriology of the Wiscon- 
sin College, and the Minnesota 
sample to Prof. Brierley. These 
gentlemen report to Mr. Tuttle as 
follows : 
Mr. Cranefield has referred to 
us some material which you for- 
warded to him. This material 
has usually gone under the term 
of vinegar bees. This somewhat 
solid material contains both the 
yeast plant and the bacteria that 
are able to change the alcohol 
formed by the yeast into acetic 
acid, the acid which is present in 
vinegar. Thus when this mate- 
rial is placed in a sugar solution 
the yeast ferments the sugar with 
the production of alcohol, which is 
later changed to acetic acid. The 
The 
Jewell Nursery 
Company 
Lake City, Minn. 
J. M. UNDERWOOD, 
Founder and Pres. 
Established 1808 
Fifty Years 
Continuous 
Service 
A Complete Stock 
of Fruit, Shelter 
a n d Ornamental 
Stock i n Hardy 
Varieties for 
Northern Plant- 
ers. 
Agents Wanted 
The Kickapoo Valley 
Our Specialty: Planting and Developing orchards for non-residents 
A few choice tracts for sale. If interested, write us. 
KICKAPOO DEVELOPMENT COMPANY 
GAYS MILLS, WISCONSIN 
INCREASE 
Your Production and Profits 
USE GRASSELLI 
Lime Sulphur Solution Calcium Arsenate Powder 
Arsenate of Lead Paste Bordeaux Mixture 
Arsenate of Lead Powder Sulphate of Nicotine 40' b 
It Pays to Demand the GRASSELLI BRAND 
Prompt shipments made from our Milwaukee Branch 
Spray booklet and further information upon request 
THE GRASSELLI CHEMICAL CO. 
Milwaukee, Wis. Established 1839 Cleveland, Ohio 
