CHAPTER VIII 
SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, 1865 TO 1885 
At the time of Sir William Hooker’s death in 1865, his son, Dr. Joseph 
Dalton Hooker, had already acted under him as assistant director 
for over ten years. He was, therefore, naturally marked 
Years^A*^ ou ^ aS successor ’ an< ^ Hter in the year was duly 
s ' appointed. So broad-based were the foundations of 
Kew as laid by Sir William Hooker, that they have been but little 
extended by his followers. Their work has been to build a noble 
superstructure. Viewed in detail, Kew is hardly anywhere the same 
as it was in 1865. But the framework is very much the same. Any- 
one who knew Kew in 1865 and had never seen it since, could 
still find his way about quite easily. The old landmarks are there 
— the Pagoda, the various temples, the flagstaff, the Campanile, the 
Palm House, the Orangery. The main routes are as they were then 
— the Broad Walk, the two great vistas, the Rhododendron Dell. But 
the place has become more open, and passing from one part to another 
is simpler. The iron fence which separated the Botanic Garden 
from the Pleasure Grounds went in 1895. The public, which since 
1841 had only been able to see the Palace from a distance, can now 
enter its very doors. Vistas and smooth grass walks traverse por- 
tions of the grounds which Sir William Hooker only knew as thick 
wood and tangled undergrowth. There are, however, two important 
features in Kew to-day which he never knew : the picture-gallery, 
containing the collection of paintings by Miss Marianne North, and 
the Jodrell Laboratory, which has had an important bearing on 
physiological botany. The Rock Garden, too, represents a phase 
of horticulture which could only have been in its infancy in Sir 
William Hooker’s time. 
Among the first improvements undertaken by the new director 
was the formation of walks in the Pleasure Grounds. The popular 
walk which rims from the Unicorn Gate to the Lion Gate was made 
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