FLOWER GARDEN PESTS. 
75 
and produce a further crop of mildew. Later on winter 
spores are produced which remain intact till the following year, 
then they germinate and yield further spores for extending the 
growth of mildew. Other fungi that attack roses are the An- 
thracnose, which causes the shoots to die at the tips; Black Spot, 
growing in the form of black spots on the leaves ; Rose Rust, 
in the form of bright orange spots on the foliage ; and Rose- 
leaf Spot, causing black patches on the foliage. The remedies 
are : dusting freely with flowers of sulphur, or spraying with 
a fungicide, such as sulphide of potassium and water, or an 
ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate. The former is 
prepared by dissolving an ounce of sulphide of potassium in a 
quart of hot water and adding water to make gallons. 
The other solution is prepared as follows : Add i oz. 
of carbonate of copper and 5 oz. of carbonate of ammonia 
to a quart of hot water, and when dissolved add 1 6 gallons of 
water. Apply with a sprayer. Other fungoid enemies of 
flower garden plants are the Violet Mildew (Peronospora 
Viol®), forming a violet-grey growth on the under sides of 
violet leaves ; Sycamore-leaf Blotch (Rhytisma acerinum), 
forming black patches on the leaves ; Sclerotium Disease 
(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), a mould-like growth which attacks 
the base of Chrysanthemum stems, causing them to wither and 
die, and also the tubers of stored Dahlias ; Onion Sclerotinia 
(Sclerotinia bulborum), attacking the foliage of hyacinths in 
spring in the form of a velvety mould, and then spreading to 
the bulbs in the shape of a black substance which causes the 
bulbs to decay ; P®ony Disease (Sclerotinia paeoniae), 
causing the stems to become limp, wither and die ; Tulip 
Mould (Sclerotinia parasitica), forming a velvety mould on the 
leaves and stems, and spreading to the bulbs ; Snowdrop 
Mildew (Sclerotinia galanthica), a greyish mould growing on 
the leaves and flower stems, and then attacking the bulbs ; 
Lily Disease, a form of Sclerotinia which has badly attacked 
Lilium candidum of late years ; Hollyhock Rust (Puccinia 
malvacearum), a fungus forming brown warts on the leaves ; 
Pink Rust (Puccinia arenari®), forming black spots in circles 
on the leaves; Mignonette Disease (Cercospora resedae), forming 
brown spots on the leaves; Fairy Ring of Carnations (Hetero- 
sporium echinulatum), causing black spots in irregular or fairy 
ring-like circles on the leaves of Carnations, Pinks and Sweet 
