7fi 
THE FLOWER GARDEN. 
Williams ; Carnation Disease (Macrosporium nobila), forming 
in the first instance pale brown and then black spots on the 
leaves and stems ; Finger and Toe Disease (Plasmodiophora 
brassicae), a slimy fungus forming nodules on the roots of 
Wallflowers ; and the Damping-off Fungus (Pythium de Barya- 
num), a fungus which creeps along the surface of the soil and 
causes seedlings to wither in the stem. In all cases spray 
with one of the fungicides advised for mildew. In bad attacks 
the best remedy is to burn the infected plants to stamp out the 
disease. Diseased leaves and plants should not be allowed to 
lie about, but be promptly burnt. 
Goat and Leopard Moth Larvae.— These attack Poplar 
and other trees, boring tunnels right into the trunks, and even- 
tually seriously injuring or killing the trees. The larva of the 
Goat Moth (Cossus ligniperda) is the size and length of one’s 
little finger, and pinkish in colour. It feeds for about three 
years in the tree, then comes and forms a cocoon, and finally 
emerges as a handsome moth. The larva of the Wood Leo- 
pard Moth (Zeuzera oesculi) is smaller than the preceding 
one, is yellowish in colour, and dotted with black. It also 
feeds for two years in the trunks and branches of trees. Both 
are difficult to get at in their burrows. Wherever a little lump 
of fine sawdust is seen on the bark search for the hole and 
thrust a red-hot wire in as far as it will go. Chloroform may 
also be injected in the hole, and the orifice sealed up with 
clay. 
Hares and Rabbits.— Both do injury to Carnations, and 
the stems of trees in gardens by gnawing off their bark. The 
best preventive measure is to fence the garden in with wire 
netting. Failing this surround the Carnations with wire net- 
ting, and paint the stems of trees likely to be attacked with a 
mixture of train oil, cart grease, and soot to a height of 3 ft. 
from the ground. Another good remedy is to make a paint of 
fresh cow dung, clay and water, and to each pail add a tea- 
spoonful of tincture of asafoetida. Paint the bark with this. 
In the case of trees that have been partly barked by rabbits or 
hares, smear on a thick plaster of cow dung, clay and soot, to 
help the wounds to heal. 
Leaf-Cutting Bee (Megachite centuncularis). — This is 
one of the solitary bees that cuts circular portions out of the 
