110 
THE FLOWER GARDEN. 
the only species, furnishes the hemp of commerce. Is easily 
reared from seed sown in the open ground in April. Does well 
in town gardens. Ordinary soil. 
Carbenia (Blessed Thistle). — A hardy biennial with orna- 
mental foliage, belonging to the Thistle family (Compositae). 
The only species grown is C. benedicta, better known as 
Cnicus benedictus. The plant has large green leaves blotched 
and marbled with white, and yellow, thistle-like flowers. It is 
a noble and striking plant for a sunny border. In good soil 
it will attain a height of 3 or more feet. Sow seeds in the 
open borders in September or April. 
Cardamine (Lady’s Smock, Cuckoo Flower). — The 
common species, C. pratensis, is a well-known native plant, 
which grows freely in damp meads. 1 he double-iiowered form 
(C. pratensis fl.-pl.), is sometimes grown in gardens. It 
grows about a foot high, and bears white or pale purplish 
flowers in spring. Other species which are worthy of note 
are: C. asarifolia, white, 12 to 15m. ; C. rhomboides, white, 
i2in. ; C. macrophylla, purple, ift. ; C. rotundifolia, white, 6in. . 
and C. trifolia, white, 3 to 6in. All are perennials, belong- 
ing to the Wallflower order (Crucifene), and suitable for 
growing in damp spots. Increased by seeds in the case of the 
single varieties, and by cuttings or division in that of the 
double sorts. 
Carlina. (Carline Thistle). — Thistle-like perennials, be- 
longing to the Daisy Order (Composite), and suitable for 
growing singly or in groups, in the rough border or the wild 
garden. They have graceful pinnate foliage. C. acaulis grows 
about gin. high, and bears white flowers in summer. C. acan- 
thifolia also bears white flowers, and grows about 2ft. high. 
Both will succeed in ordinary soil in a sunny position, and are 
increased by seeds and division of the root-stocks. 
Catananche (Blue Cupidone). — Hardy perennial, 
native of S. Europe, and a member of the Daisy order (Com- 
positae). C. ccerulea, the only species grown, grows about 
2ft. high, has hoary, lance-shaped leaves, and bears blue 
flowers on long stalks in July and August. There is also a 
variety named tricolor, with white flowers marked with blue 
or rose. Both kinds are specially suitable for yielding flowers 
for cutting. They will thrive in any fairly good soil in sunny 
borders. Easily reared from seeds sown in heat in March, or 
outdoors in April. They are really best treated as annuals ; 
but on well-drained soils they will succeed as perennials, in 
which case propagation may be effected by division. 
Centaurea (Knapweed). — A genus of tender and hardy 
