116 
THE FLOWER GARDEN. 
stakes. When the buds begin to form give liquid manure 
occasionally. When the plants have ceased flowering, cut off 
the stems, and in December lift the roots and place them close 
together in shallow boxes with a little soil, and stand on the 
staging in a heated house. When the young shoots are 2 to 
3in. long, take these off, and insert them in boxes to root. 
When rooted, transfer to other boxes or to pots, keep in the 
greenhouse till April, then remove to a cold frame to harden 
and plant out in May. Those who have no greenhouse may 
leave the roots in the ground, and when new growth begins in 
April lift them, pull off the best-rooted portions furnished with 
healthy shoots, and replant these, throwing away the weak 
ones. It will thus be seen that the culture of these plants is 
an extremely simple matter. 
We now come to the annual chrysanthemums, which are 
extremely showy and easy to cultivate. They are adapted 
alike for small or large gardens. First and foremost among 
these is C. carinatum (Syn. C. tricolor). This grows 2ft. high, 
and bears tri-colored, large, daisy-like flowers. Of this there 
are several varieties, single and double. Thus aureum flore 
pleoo has double yellow flowers ; hybridum, double and semi- 
double shades of purple ; Burridgeanum. white ground with a 
crimson ring ; atrococcineum, dark crimson-brown ; and so 
on. Others will be found in seed lists. Then there is C. 
coronarium, yellow and white, double and semi-double, and its 
varieties, album, double white, useful for cutting ; sulphureum, 
lemon-coloured, double, etc. C. inodorum plenissimum is a 
double white with cut foliage ; and C. segetum grandiflorum, a 
large yellow form of the wild corn marigold, is also a good 
kind. Morning Star, primrose-yellow, flowers 3 to /tin. in 
diameter; and Evening Star, golden yellow, are new varieties 
of the latter. The annual kinds may be sown outdoors in 
April, afterwards thinning the seedlings out to 8 or izin. 
apart ; or seeds may be sown in heat in March and the seed- 
lings planted out in May. Given plenty of room and a rich 
soil, these annuals will make a brave show- of colour in the 
garden. They average from 1 to 3ft. high. 
Then w-e come to the hardy perennial species, or Ox-eye 
daisies, and sometimes classed in catalogues as species of 
Leucanthemums. There is C. lacustre (Marsh Ox-eye), a 
species w'hich grows 3ft. high and bears large daisy-like white 
flowers late in summer; C. latifolium, 3 to 4ft., white florets 
with a yellow centre; and C. maximum (Shasta Daisy), 2 to 
4ft., white, with a yellow centre. Of the latter there are several 
varieties, superior to it in every w 7 ay. King Edward has very 
large, white, cup-shaped flowers, borne on long stalks. Queen 
Alexandra has snow-white flowers with a golden centre. The 
