HARDY PLANTS. 
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old walls or in a dry stony border. T. s. variegata may be 
grown on a rockery or in a border. Ordinary soil. Plant in 
spring and autumn. Increased by division in autumn, or 
cuttings of young shoots in summer. 
Thalictrum (Meadow Rue). — Hardy perennials, with 
foliage resembling that of the Columbine and Maidenhair Fern, 
and of great value for cutting for use in floral decorations in 
summer; in fact, they are often called the Hardy Maidenhair 
plants. Apart from their foliage many of them have pretty 
yellow, white or purple flowers that add greatly to their attrac- 
tiveness as garden plants. They belong to the Buttercup 
order (Ranunculaceae). The species are numerous, but the 
following are the most useful and attractive ones to grow : 
T. alpinum (Britain), leaves glaucous beneath; flowers purple, 
JnTy ; ift. T. dipterocarpum, dark violet, 5ft. (China), is a 
noble plant for the border. T. aquilegifolium album 
(Europe), leaves columbine-like; flowers white, June; 2 to 3ft. 
T. aquilegifolium, flowers purple. T. glaucum (S. Europe), 
leaves glaucous ; flowers golden-yellow, summer ; 6ft. T. 
glaucum folii variegatum, leaves variegated with golden, silver 
and grey; very pretty. T. minus (Maidenhair Meadow Rue), 
a native of Britain ; leaves finely cut and glaucous ; flowers 
small and unattractive; height ift. ; foliage an excellent sub- 
stitute for Maidenhair. T. minus adiantifolium ; leaves small, 
greyish-blue ; height gin. T. minus rubellum ; stems dark ; 
foliage small and graceful; ift. Both suitable for cutting. 
S. sulphureum ; flowers sulphur-yellow ; 5ft. ; flowers and 
foliage useful for cutting. The dwarf kinds may be grown 
on a rockery, or on the margins of borders ; the tall ones 
in the mixed border. For yielding a plentiful supply of foliage 
for cutting, plant 1 to 3ft. apart in beds. Ordinary soil will 
suffice. They like a partially shady position. Plant in 
autumn or spring. Readily increased by seeds sown outdoors 
in April ; also by division in autumn or spring. 
Thermopsis. — A genus of hardy perennial herbs, be- 
longing to the Pea order (Leguminosae). They have three- 
foliate leaves and yellow or purple lupine-like blossoms 
borne on spikes in summer. The best-known species is T. 
montana. This is a native of N. America, grows 1 to 2ft. 
iligh, and bears bright golden-yellow flowers in profu- 
sion. Another attractive species is T. caroliniana, which 
grows 4 to 5ft. high, and bears golden-yellow flowers. These 
two will flourish in ordinary soils in sunny borders; in fact, T. 
montana will do well in dry borders. Plant in autumn or 
spring. Increased by seeds sown outdoors in April ; also by 
division in October or March. 
