CLIMBERS AND TWINERS. 
361 
sunny positions against a trellis so that the shoots can twine 
round. We have also grown them in groups in the border, 
pea-sticks being used as a support for the shoots. Grown 
thus I. Quamoclit makes a charming border plant. Ipomaeas 
are best reared in gentle heat in March, the seedlings trans- 
planted into pots or boxes and planted out in the garden at the 
end of May. I. purpurea and I. versicolor may also be sown in 
the open garden in April, and will often do well treated thus. 
Jasminum (Jasmine). — Well-known climbing shrubs, be- 
longing to the Lilac order (Oleaceae). J. officinale is the 
Common White Jasmine so generally grown as a climber on 
walls, pergolas, arches, etc., and which bears white fragrant 
flowers in summer. Another well-known species is J. 
nudiflorum, a native of China. This bears bright yellow 
flowers in winter, and is a most attractive plant for growing 
on a warm wall or trellis. J. primulinum is a similar species, 
but less hardy. Blooms in spring. J. fruticans is a Euro- 
pean species with yellow flowers borne in summer. This is 
more suitable for trailing over a sunny bank or old tree-stump. 
J. revolutum is an Indian species with bright yellow flowers. 
It is a strong grower, makes a good wall plant, and does well 
near the sea. They will also succeed in good ordinary soil. 
Plant in autumn or early spring. The weak shoots of J. 
officinale should be freely thinned out in early spring, but not 
otherwise pruned severely. J. nudiflorum should be pruned 
annually in March, cutting away the shoots that have flowered, 
and leaving the young growths to form flowering shoots for 
next year. The other kinds need no pruning. Increased by 
cuttings of ripened shoots in sandy soil in a cold frame in 
early autumn ; also by layering the young shoots in summer. 
Lapageria (Napoleon’s Bell). — The Lapageria is best 
known as a greenhouse climber, but as we have seen it grown 
outdoors in the Isle of Wight, Devon and Cornwall, we feel 
justified in including it in the present volume. It also succeeds 
outdoors in Ireland. L. rosea belongs to the Lily family 
(Liliaceae), and is a native of Chili. It has long, flexible shoots, 
dark leathery green leaves, and bears waxy rosy, bell-shaped 
flowers more or less all the year round. It requires to be 
grown in a well-drained bed of sandy peat and leaf-mould in a 
shady spot, such as against a north-west wall. Slugs are 
partial to the young shoots, so they must be carefully guarded 
against. Plant in spring. Increased by layering the shoots. 
La.rdixaba.la. — The only species is L. biternata, and 
this is an evergreen climbing shrub from Chili. It has glossy 
green leaves and purplish, inconspicuous flowers borne in 
