378 
THE FLOWER GARDEN. 
to three or four eyes. Treated thus the plant will flower pro- 
fusely. Increased by cuttings inserted in sandy soil in a cold 
frame in September; also by layering the shoots in summer 
or autumn. 
Ccrcis (Judas Tree). — Hardy deciduous flowering and 
very slow-growing trees, with kidney-shaped leaves and pea- 
shaped flowers. Nat. Ord. Leguminosre. The Judas Tree (C. 
Siliquastrum) grows about 15 to 20ft. high, and bears rosy- 
purple flowers in spring before the leaves appear. There is 
also a white variety. Native of Western Asia. It has long' 
been grown in this country, and makes a handsome and 
interesting tree to grow on the lawm. There are two other 
species, C. canadensis, a dwarfer kind than the preceding, 
with pale rose flowers ; also C. chinensis, rosy-pink, free 
blooming, a native of China. C. canadensis (Redbud) is a 
North American species. They do best in a deep loamy soil, 
and should be planted in autumn. In the North the shelter of a 
warm wall is desirable. Increased by seeds sown in heat, also 
by layering the shoots in autumn. 
Chimonanthus (Winter Sweet; Japanese Allspice). — C. 
fragrans is a deliciously fragrant and deciduous shrub, a 
native of Japan, and a member of the Nat. Ord. Calycan- 
thaceae. The brownish-yellow and purple flowers are borne 
on leafless shoots from December to March, and are most 
useful for cutting. It does best against a south or west 
wall, but we know of several instances of its thriving well 
as a bush in sheltered positions. Plant in good loam in 
autumn. The main shoots require to be trained evenly to 
the wall and, directly after flowering, all others should be 
shortened to an inch from their base. From these spurs new 
shoots will issue to bear flowers the following winter. In- 
creased by layering the shoots in summer or autumn. 
Chionanthus (Fringe Tree).— Hardy deciduous flower- 
ing shrubs, belonging to the Olive family (Oleaceae). The 
N. American species, C. virginica, is an old inhabitant of 
British gardens. It grows 8 to 10ft. high, and in June and 
July bears long clusters of white flowers tyith fringed petals. 
A newer species from China is C. retusus, growing 5 to 6ft. 
high and bearing white fragrant flowers in May. Both are 
suitable for sheltered positions in the mixed shrubbery. Soil, 
a good deep, well-drained loam. If any pruning is required 
to keep the bushes in good shape, do it directly after flowering. 
Increased by cuttings of ripened shoots with a heel attached 
and inserted in a sheltered border in autumn ; by grafting on 
the ash in March ; layering in autumn. 
