396 
THE FLOWER GARDEN. 
clothing bare banks. A native species. H. Androsaemum 
(Tutsan) is a native species also, with large leaves and flowers, 
and is adapted for a similar purpose to the last. H. elatum is 
a North American species, growing 4 to 5ft. high, and bearing 
yellow flowers in large clusters in July. A good kind for the 
mixed shrubbery. H. hookerianum grows 2ft. high and has 
large yellow flowers in summer. The most beautiful of all, 
however, is H. moserianum, a hybrid between H. calycinum and 
H. patulum, a dwarf kind with yellow flowers and red anthers. 
There is also a pretty form of this with variegated foliage, 
mamed tricolor. The last two are best suited for a warm border 
or rockery. Plant in autumn. All prefer a sandy loam, but 
will do well in good ordinary garden soil. Increased by divi- 
sion of the roots in autumn; by cuttings in October; or by 
seeds sown in a cold frame in spring. 
Idesia. — The only species grown is I. polycarpa, a 
deciduous flowering tree, a native of Japan, and a member 
of the Nat. Ord. Bixineae. As yet it has not been planted very 
extensively in this country. It has handsome heart-shaped 
leaves, green above and white beneath, and yellow fragrant 
flowers borne in long drooping racemes. The male and female 
flowers are borne on separate trees. Plant in well-drained 
ordinary soil and in a sheltered position in autumn. In- 
creased by cuttings of ripened shoots inserted in sandy soil in 
gentle heat in early autumn. 
Illicium (Aniseed Tree). — Half-hardy evergreen flowering 
shrubs, belonging to the Magnolia order (Magnoliaceae). They 
are suitable only for outdoor culture in the South, and theft 
do best against a south or west wall. Both their leaves and 
flowers are fragrant. The best species is I. floridanum, a 
native of N. America. It grows 6 to 8ft. high, and bears 
purplish-red flowers in racemes during the summer. I. religi- 
osum is a native of Japan, grows 3 to 4ft. high, and bears 
yellowish-white flowers. Both should be planted in September 
or early October in a well-drained sandy soil. In severe 
weather it will be advisable to protect the plants with straw 
hurdles. Increased by cuttings of ripened shoots in sandy 
soil in a cold frame in August. 
Indigrofera (Indigo). — Deciduous flowering shrubs, be- 
longing to the Pea order (Leguminosae), and suitable only for 
culture against warm walls in the milder parts of the kingdom. 
I. gerardiana (Syn. floribunda) is a native of India, has pea- 
green pinnate foliage and purple-pink blossoms borne in long 
racemes in July. It makes a very showy wall shrub. I. decora, 
red, and I. decora alba, white, are the remaining kinds. These 
