TREES AND SHRUBS. 
407 
and crimson tint in autumn. The flowers are yellow and 
small, but their attractiveness is intensified by the crimson- 
tipped stamens. In mild districts this beautiful shrub may 
be grown in the open, but in colder parts the shelter of a 
warm wall is desirable. Plant in ordinary soil in autumn. 
No pruning needed. Increased by layering the shoots in 
summer. 
Paulownia. — A very handsome deciduous flowering and 
foliage tree is P. imperialis, but unfortunately too tender to 
thrive really well outdoors except in mild districts. We have 
known trees to grow to a fair size, and then to have their 
shoots severely injured the first severe winter. The Paulownia 
belongs to the Foxglove order (Scrophulariaceae), is a native 
of Japan, grows 30 to 40ft. high, and has very large heart- 
shaped leaves varying from 12 to aoin. in length and breadth. 
The flowers are purplish-violet and spotted, foxglove-like, 
fragrant, and borne in terminal panicles in spring. This tree 
requires to be grown in a deep rich loamy soil and in a position 
well protected from cold winds. Planting should be done in 
autumn. Extra fine shade trees may be obtained by cutting 
the shoots back fairly close in March. Increased by seeds 
sown in light sandy soil in a cold frame in March ; cuttings 
inserted in a similar soil and position in October. 
Philadelphus (Mock Orange). — Hardy deciduous, white- 
flowering shrubs, with an orange-like fragrance, belonging 
to the Saxifrage family (Saxifragaceae). The Common Mock 
Orange (P. coronarius) is grown in most gardens, but is not 
often seen flowering so freely as it ought to be owing to the 
mistake made of pruning away the flowering shoots in winter. 
The proper time to prune is directly after flowering, and then 
the shoots that have flowered only should be cut away, leaving 
the young ones to flower the next season. This species grows 
5 to 10ft. high, and flowers in early summer. Foliis aureis is a 
golden-leaved variety ; argenteo-variegatis, a silver-leaved form ; 
flore pleno, a double-flowered variety; nanus, a dwarf one. 
A native of S. Europe. P. microphyllus forms a dense bush 
3ft. high, has myrtle-like foliage, and flowers in summer ; 
a pretty kind. A native of Colorado. P. grandiflorus grows 
about 6ft. high and bears flowers 3m. or more across in June. 
Its variety floribundus flowers more freely ; and there is also a 
dwarf form named laxus. Native of the United States. P. 
gordonianus is a very free-flowering scentless species from 
N.VV. America ; it grows 8 to 10ft. high. The most beautiful 
of all to our mind is P. Lemoinei, a hybrid between P. coro- 
narius and P. microphyllus. This forms a neat bush three or 
more feet high, and flowers profusely in June. A splendid 
