HARDY ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 435 
is a most accommodating shrub. It will cover low sunny 
walls with a dense carpeting of foliage ; clothe a sunny bank, 
and look most effective in winter when covered with berries ; 
ramble over an old tree-stump ; or cover bare spaces on 
rockeries effectively. It will thrive in suburban or country 
gardens. A still neater growing evergreen species is C. 
thymifolia. This only grows about a foot high, has dark 
shining thyme-like foliage, silvery beneath, and bears scarlet 
berries freely in winter. This is a most desirable shrub for 
forming a neat edging to shrubbery borders or for clothing 
stones or rockeries. C. horizontalis is a procumbent deci- 
duous species with frond-like branches, which hug or embrace 
large stones on a rockery, almost hiding them from 
view. The leaves change to a pretty tint in autumn, and 
its berries afterwards afford an additional attraction. C. 
buxifolia has box-like leaves, grows 5 to 6ft. high, forms a 
spreading bush, and is usually well furnished with crimson 
berries in winter. A good evergreen shrub for rockeries or 
low walls. C. frigida is a partly deciduous shrub, bearing 
orange-scarlet berries in winter. This species, being tall 
growing, is only suitable for large shrubberies. C. Simonsii 
is a good, hardy, berry-bearing, partly deciduous shrub for 
general culture in shrubberies. There are several others, but 
those just named are the best for average gardens. They 
will thrive in ordinary soil in sun or shade, and may be planted 
in early autumn or spring. Increased by seeds sown outdoors 
in autumn or spring, also by layering the shoots in autumn, 
by cuttings in autumn, or by grafting in spring on C. Simonsii, 
C. vulgaris, or the Quince. 
Cryptomeria. — Hardy evergreen ornamental-leaved 
trees, belonging to the Conifer family (Coniferae), and natives 
of Japan. C. japonica is a very distinct and graceful tree of 
conical habit of growth, and its variety elegans is also a 
handsome tree. Both are specially suited for growing as 
specimens on the lawn, where they can be well sheltered from 
strong winds. Neither of them grow very fast nor attain a 
greater height than 20 to 30ft. They require a warm, well- 
drained, sandy, loamy soil. Plant in September and October. 
Increased by seeds. 
Cupressus (Cypress). — This is a genus of evergreen 
coniferous trees of a pyramidal habit of growth, and forming 
handsome specimens for growing on the lawn and in the 
pleasure grounds. The Lawson Cypress (C. lawsoniana) is 
a native of N. America, grows up to 100ft. in height, and has 
deep green, feathery foliage. This species is very hardy and 
will thrive on any soil except peat. Besides its adaptability 
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