450 
THE FLOWER GARDEN. 
for its value as a culinary herb as well as for its fragrant 
foliage, and there is no reason why it should not be grown 
in every sunny garden to-day for its fragrant leafage and 
pretty purplish flowers. The Rosemary belongs to the Sage 
order (Labiatae), and is a native of the Mediterranean region. 
It loves a dry sunny spot on a bank or at the foot of a 
wall. Plant in early autumn or spring. Increased by cuttings 
or slips inserted in a shady border in summer, also by seeds 
sown outdoors in a sunny border in April. 
Ruscus (Butcher’s Broom).. — R. aculeatus is a dwarf 
hardy evergreen shrub without true leaves, and with short 
flattened leaf-like branches ending in a spine. It bears red 
berries in the middle of each flattened branch. This shrub 
does well under the shade of trees, and will grow where others 
often fail. Plant in ordinary soil in autumn. Increased by 
suckers in October. A member of the Lily order (Liliacese). 
Salfx (Willow). — The Willows are not suitable trees for 
the garden, but they are very appropriate subjects for planting 
along the margins of streams and ponds. The Weeping Willow 
(S. babylonica) is a very graceful species for an island in a 
lake or pool. The Crack Willow (S. fragilis) has orange 
or crimson twigs, which are very attractive in winter; 
the Purple Osier (S. purpurea) has purplish wood; S. alba 
britzensis (Cardinal Willow), brilliant red bark ; and S. alba 
vitellina (Golden-barked Willow), yellow wood. These grouped 
or massed near water make a most showy effect in winter. 
Plant in autumn. Increased by cuttings inserted in damp soil 
in autumn. The Willows belong to the Poplar order (Sali- 
cineas). 
Sambucus (Elder). — The Common Elder (S. nigra) is 
too much of a rank weed to plant in gardens. The Golden- 
leaved Elder (S. nigra foliis aureis), with golden foliage, is 
so much prettier, that it should be grown in preference to the 
type. The Parsley-leaved Elder (S. nigra laciniata) is also 
a superior variety, with finely cut foliage. S. racemosa (Scar- 
let Berried Elder) is a beautiful species from S. Europe, with 
finely cut leaves and white flowers succeeded by scarlet berries. 
There is a golden-leaved form of it named foliis aureis. All 
these forms are splendid subjects for the mixed shrubbery, 
the golden-leaved kinds being especially showy. To keep 
these in good shape and to ensure plenty of young wood, cut 
the shoots well back annually in March. Plant in autumn in 
ordinary soil. Increased by cuttings in ordinary moist soil 
outdoors in autumn. 
