HARDY ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 451 
Santolina (Lavender Cotton). — A genus of dwarf ever- 
green shrubs with greyish fragrant foliage. Daisy order 
(Compositas). S. Chamaecyparissus (French Lavender) is a 
native of S. Europe, grows i to 2ft. high, and bears yellow 
flowers in roundish heads in July. S. incana is supposed to be 
a variety of the latter. It is of dwarfer habit, and has whiter 
foliage. The former is suitable for dry banks and large 
rockeries, and the latter for edgings to borders or grouping 
on sunny rockeries. Ordinary soil. Plant in autumn or 
spring. Increased by cuttings in sandy soil in a cold frame 
in summer; also by division in March. 
Sciadopitys (Umbrella or Parasol Pine). — S. verticillata 
is a Japanese coniferous tree, growing 10 to 20ft. high, and 
having a pyramidal habit of growth. The branches are hori- 
zontal and spreading and the tree has a handsome appearance. 
A slow-growing tree. Suitable only to grow in sheltered posi- 
tions on the lawn in mild districts. Requires a moist loamy 
soil. Plant in May or September. Increased by seeds. 
Sequoia. (Mammoth Tree of California and Californian 
Redwood). — The Mammoth Tree of California (S. gigantea, 
known also as Wellingtonia gigantea) is the largest growing 
conifer in the world. In its native home it attains a height of 
300 to 400ft., and in Britain there are specimens 90ft. high. 
A beautiful tree to grow as a specimen on the lawn in large 
gardens or in parks. S. sempervirens (Californian Redwood) 
is another handsome species of lofty growth. These do best 
in deep, well-drained loam. Plant in May or September. In- 
creased by seeds. 
Skimmia. — Dwarf evergreen berry-bearing shrubs, 
native of China and Japan, and members of the Rue order 
(Rutaceee). Two species only are grown. S. Fortunei grows 
3ft. high, has glossy green leaves7 white flowers, and crimson 
berries borne in autumn. S. japonica grows 2 to 3ft. high, 
has bright green leaves and red berries. The latter species 
sometimes bears its male and female flowers on distinct plants 
and sometimes on the same plant. The male plant, of course, 
does not bear berries, but it is very pretty when in flower. To 
get this species to berry, see that male and female plants are 
grown together. The Skimmias do well in sandy peat, or peat 
and loam, either in sun or in the shade, in country, town or 
suburban gardens. Plant in May or September. No pruning 
needed. Increased by layering the branches in autumn. 
Stephanandra. — Hardy deciduous shrubs, natives of 
Japan, and grown chiefly for the sake of their pinnatifid or 
feathery foliage. They have long arching shoots, and look 
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