Plate 15 . 
COMMON 
VIPER’S- 
' BU6LOSS, 
ECHIUM VUL6ARE 
HE BORAGE FAMILY. ( ORDER lii. B0RA6IN ACE/E.) 
CALYX of 5, rarely 4,SEPALS, sometimes united into a tube & 
separating into the same number of lobes,remainingand- 
often enlarging with, the fruit, free from and inserted below 
the seedcasc ( inferior n 
COROLLA of 5,rarely 4,PETALS,united into a tube& separating 
into the same number of Lobes, salver- or funnel-shaped, rare- 
ly partially 2-tipped,usuaLLy with s scales in the throat of 
the tube, inserted below the scedcase (hypogynous). 
STAMENS 5, alternating with the corolla lobes and ia- 
sertedinthe corolla-tube <epi-petalous). 
PISTIL of 2 CARPELS,so deeply lobed that the scedcase is 
equally 4-lobed , 4 -celled, wi th a single style, 
situated in the centre and at the base of the Lobes, 
crowned with an entire or lobed stigma. 
FRUIT of 4 tittle nut-like fruits (cocca), looking tike seeds 
inside the persistent calyx, with i suspended seed in each 
ing to free the seeds (indehi scent), in the British, 
species, abroad rarely a berry like drupe with 2 or 4 
stones or a capsule. 
FLOWERS in i-sided clusters coiled in bud. 
cscorpioid spikes or racemespgenerally blue 
or purple, though usually red or pink in bud. 
STEMS usually rough with hairs which are some- 
times branched. 
LEAVES alt ernate.undivided, usually with en- 
tire margins, rough with coarse hairs. 
DISTINGUISHED BY the 4 seed-like tittle fruits 
(cocca) from every order except the Dead- 
ettle Family, (^differing from that in the more 
regularly 5-lobed corolla, the 5 stamens, the i-sid- 
ed clusters of flowers coiled in bud, & the alternate 
corolla and 
stamens 
pistil 
fruit 
